EXHIBITION OF 1868. 
435 
gland states and into the Canadas. It is largely adopted in Ohio, and has 
obtained a foothold in Wisconsin, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas and other states. 
It is known abroad as the “ American system of dairying,” and its peculiari¬ 
ties are so well adapted to the genius of our people, as to give it a distinc¬ 
tive character of nationality. 
At the commencement of 1860, there were but seventeen factories in the 
state of New York. They were increased during the next six years to 600, 
and it has been estimated that there are now about 800 in the state. In 
Wisconsin there are less than a dozen factories, and the whole gross product 
of your dairies, if in New York city at once, would scarcely supply the ship¬ 
pers with one week’s shipment. 
Last year I, with many other New York dairymen, feared that the cheese 
interest was being overdone. Prices were quire unsatisfactory. The cost 
of cows ranged from f^O to $100. Labor was high and we had to pay for 
Wisconsin flour from $16 to $17 per barrel. We had been accustomed to ex¬ 
change at our doors 40 pounds of cheese for a barrel of your flour. 
The speculators made a hue and cry that the country was full of cheese, 
that the whole West had suddenly sprung into the dairy business, and that 
you were prepared to ship immense quantities to the seaboard, flooding all 
the markets of the world, and so our dairymen yielded to low prices, and 
England was in ecstacies. When the year’s operations were summed up, we 
found there had been no over production and instead of Western cheese 
coming East, considerable quantities of New York cheese had been shipped 
West. 
THE EXPORTS. 
We have given the exports of cheese in 1861 at 40,000,000 pounds; in 
1862 the exports were, in round numbers, cheese 39,000,000 of pounds, and 
butter 29,000,000; in 1863, cheese 41,000,000, and butter 23,000,000 ; in 1864 
cheese 46,000,000, and butter 14,000,000 ; in 1866, cheese 46,000,000, and 
butter 22,000,000; in 1866, cheese 46,000,000, and butter 6,000,000. For 
the past year, 1867, the exports of cheese were about 66,000,000 of pounds. 
ENGLISH PRODUCTION AND IMPORTS PROM HOLLAND. 
According to the estimate of the English shipper, Mr. Webb, the product 
of cheese made in Great Britain the past year, 1867, has been 179,00,00*0 of 
pounds, We have no estimate of the quantity of cheese made in Holland. 
In 1866 I was in Europe, and obtained for the American Dairymen’s Asso¬ 
ciation the quantity of Dutch cheese sent to England that year; it was 80,- 
000,000 of pounds. An approximate estimate of the annual consumption of 
cheese in Great Britain may be gathered from the following figures: 
English home make. 179,000,000 
Import from Holland. 80,000,000 
From the U. S. 60,000,000 
Making the total English consumption. 309,000,000 
of pounds per year. 
