294 
STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
loam, very productive for all kinds of grain grown in this lati¬ 
tude. The bluffs are also covered by a rich soil, producing a 
heavy growth of all kinds of hard timber known in this coun¬ 
try. North of these bluffs, and extending to the Lemonweir 
river, a distance of from three to six miles, the country is, as 
before stated, very level, the soil mostly of rather a clay na¬ 
ture, and rather cold, owing to the near approach of the surface 
water, but as a general thing producing good crops of all 
small grains. North of the Lemonweir the same uniform level 
continues to the north line of the county; a great change in 
the nature of the soil, however, takes place. Starting from 
the mouth of that river and running up on the north side a 
distance of some twenty miles, is a strip of open swamp and 
meadow lands, from two to three miles in width, interspersed 
with here and there ridges and islands of dry land, covered 
mostly with a thick growth of small sized timber, chiefly birch, 
poplar, pin oak and gray pine. 
The marsh lands are mostly without timber; near the 
streams producing an abundance of wild grass suitable for hay, 
but farther back valuable only for the production of cranberries. 
Following along the west bank of the Wisconsin, above the 
Lemonweir and up to the county line, is a strip of dry sandy 
land, from three to four miles in width, covered, excepting a 
few small prairies, with a thick growth of small gray pines, 
usually from six to ten inches in diameter, and valuable only 
as fuel and a poor quality of fencing. The whole western part 
of the county, extending from the Lemonweir north, is one 
uniform and almost unbroken marsh, occupying about a cen¬ 
tral position in what is known as the “ Great Cranberry Marsh.” 
Around the borders of this marsh, and along the margin of the 
Lemonweir, Yellow, Little Yellow rivers and Cranberry creek, 
is an immense amount of grass lands of a choice description, 
which must in time become of considerable value. 
The streams of importance bordering on and passing through 
the county are the Wisconsin on the eastern border, the Lem¬ 
onweir passing nearly east and west through the southern 
portion of the county, and emptying into the Wisconsin at the 
