I 
FRUIT-GROWING IN WISCONSIN.—WHERE, HOW 
AND WHICH TO PLANT. 
BY J. C. PLUMB. 
First in the order of time and underlying all prospect of 
future success, is the location of the orchard. We may pro¬ 
duce a tree in the nursery, perfect in all its conditions, with a 
complete system of roots, low branched, of hardy, vigorous 
variety, yet that tree, if planted in a cold soil, filled with 
stagnant water, should it grow at all, will be late in starting, 
and produce a few feeble, watery shoots, which either kill the 
first winter, or drag out a few years of miserable existence. 
That tree will be pronounced “ never good for nothingwhereas 
if the same tree had been placed in a lively soil, of good 
depth, well drained and stirred, without undue stimulation, it 
would have made an early, vigorous growth, ripened well in 
autumn, wintered completely, and at maturity been pronounced 
“all right, 1 ’ an honor to the producer. Location has reference 
to altitude , aspect and soil. An altitude that reaches the ther¬ 
mal line, or even a sub-thermal, is a great desideratum in fruit¬ 
growing any where, and especially in this Mississippi valley 
of torrid noons and frigid nights, or, in other words, valley of 
extreme changes; and as the vine growers of the south are 
bringing out the fact that the most successful location for 
raising the grape, is on those mountain ranges above the ther¬ 
mal line, or line of early and late frosts. So we will find that 
location which will secure the most equal temperature through¬ 
out the whole year, the place for uniformly successful or¬ 
charding. 
We have indicated the different effect which follows planting 
in a warm, well drained soil, supposing altitude and aspect to 
be the same, and would simply ask: How much easier to 
secure those favorable conditions on elevations , hills, ridges , 
