348 
Wisconsin State Agricultural Society. 
from soft wheat, by the new process, is better than that made by 
the old process, but not as good as the flour made from hard wheat, 
but it would make a superior grade of flour that was satisfactory to 
the market. 
Mr. Whiting: Under the old process we could take wheat to the 
mill and get thirty-six pounds of flour per bushel, beside middlings 
and bran; you say thirty per cent, of the best quality, and fifty-five 
of good flour. Does that eighty-five per cent, of flour amount to as 
much as the flour made from the same wheat b} r the old process? 
Mr. Wood: I should not think it did. It would require this 
fifteen per cent, of poor flour. 
Mr. Wiiiting: What formerly went into the middlings was 
not classed as flour at all. It is now, as I understand, classed as 
flour. There are some six to ten pounds more of merchantable 
flour derived from a bushel of wheat under the new process. 
Mr. Boyce: I happened to see Governor Washburn’s process and 
machinery for making this flour. ITe grinds, or more properly, 
crushes the wheat between a double set of rollers, hardened or 
chilled iron, running very closely together. He then passes it over 
a suction-machine, which takes out the fine particles. I under¬ 
stand he makes a great deal more flour, considering the three 
classes, than he did by the old process, all of the middlings being 
worked into flour. The object is to crush the wheat instead of 
grinding it, so as to leave the bran in so large flakes that it can be 
entirely taken out, nothing being left in the flour to injure the 
value. 
ORIGINAL CREATION OF THE SOIL OF WISCONSIN— 
ITS PAST COMPARED WITH ITS PRESENT CONDI¬ 
TION-MEANS OF IMPROVED FUTURE FERTILITY. 
BY II. A. TENNEY, MADISON. 
Any generalized discussion of the soils of a country warrants ref¬ 
erence to those almost primeval agencies that in the remote past 
pulverized the sedimentary superficial rock-deposits, reducing much 
of their material to an impalpable powder, and in this way created, 
