THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN. 
63 
line heretofore grown, an extra large variety of ornamental 
trees and shrubs has been set out this season. 
It is proper that I should make an allusion to the com¬ 
pany’s nursery in Canada, as no doubt many are not 
familiar with the fact that they can always obtain most 
desirable selections therefrom. A large stock is con¬ 
stantly maintained. The T. H. & B. railway desiring to 
obtain the large freight shipments of this firm in Canada 
built a line directly into their grounds from their main 
road, four miles distant, thus giving this company the 
best shipping facilities in Canada. A cellar similar to 
that in Brighton, but not quite as large, has been erected 
in the Canadian nursery, and I understand that our over- 
the-lake neighbors enjoy equal advantages with their 
American cousins in their dealings with the Brown 
Brothers Company. • 
Since writing the foregoing I have called at the offices 
of the company, which occupy several pleasant rooms in 
the Granite Building. Here I learned that the business 
of the Brown Brothers’ Company was established in 
January, 1885, the company having been incorporated in 
1890. Branch offices are maintained in Chicago and 
Toronto. The present officers are : President, Charles j. 
Brown; treasurer, Robert C. Brown; secretary, Edward 
C. Morris. While here I saw several photographs of the 
nursery at Brighton, one of which showing the root-cellar, 
packing-house and platform, forms the frontispiece in this 
issue of your journal. QUINCE. 
©bituai^. 
Andrew S. Fuller, one of the most prominent horticulturists of the 
country, died May 4th at his home in Ilidgeway, N. J. Mr. Fuller 
was born in Utica, N. Y.. on August 3, 1828. lie learned the carpen¬ 
ter’s trade and became particularly skillful in the construction of green¬ 
houses. At 18 years of age he removed with his father to Milwaukee 
where he collected a great variety of plants and attracted the attention 
of William Prince, of Flushing, L. I., practically the first independent 
nurseryman in America, by whom Mr. Fuller was employed. 
In 1857, says the American Agriculturist, Mr. Fuller removed to 
Brooklyn, N. Y.. and engaged in grape and small fruit culture, which 
were then in their infancy. He. originated a number of new varieties 
which at that time were considered the best yet produced, and made 
him renowned in his profession far and near. It was at this time that 
he commenced his literary career by contributing regularly to the 
American Agriculturist, Weekly Tribune and other periodicals. For 26 
years he was agricultural editor of the New York Weekly Sun. His 
first work was “ The Strawberry Culturist.” which was followed by 
“The Small Fruit Culturist.” “The Grape Culturist,” “Practical 
Forestry,” “Propagation of Plants,” and lastly “ The Nut Culturist,” 
which is already in type and on the presses, to be published within a 
few weeks by the Orange Judd Co., the publishers of all liis* previous 
works. 
Few books have ever made so great a sensation among horticulturists 
as his “ Small Fruit Culturist.” which was the first work on small fruits 
that had ever been published, and it was translated into several foreign 
languages. In fact, it was largely through the instrumentality of this 
book that small fruit culture has developed and extended as it has. 
Although several books on grapes had been published before his 
“ Grape Culturist,” none have Americanized grape culture as much as 
this one. How extensive the demand for it has been will be seen by 
the fact that, two years ago, when a new edition was required, the 
plates were so much worn that Mr. Fuller preferred to revise and re¬ 
write the entire work. Proud as any man might be of either of his 
books, the preparation of his “Nut Culturist” interested him more 
deeply than any of his previous works. For ten years he collected 
material for it, and his interest in his work never abated for a moment 
during all that time. As he expressed it, this work was to be his 
monument. 
111! IFUivscv? IRows. 
Which is correct, scion or cion V Maplewood. 
The Standard dictionary recognizes only scion and declares that cion 
and cien are obsolete. The word is from the French, scier, to cut. 
What grapes are unfruitful when planted by themselves V U. M. G. 
Wilder, Brighton, Massassoit, Black Eagle, Eumelnn, Requa, Essex, 
Barry, Herbert, Itoyce’s No. 5, Salem, Gtertner and Aminin are classed 
as self sterile. 
How may 1 determine the number of trees or seedlings to set per 
acre? J. C. M. 
Multiply distances in feet at which trees or seedlings are to stand 
apart and divide 43,560 by the product. Thus, when trees are to be 
planted 16 feet x 20 feet apart, 136 per acre will be needed. 
How many kinds of apples are grown and marketed in America and 
how are they distributed ? T. C. 
Downing’s list complete and revised to 1S72 contained 1856 varieties 
of which 1099 were American and 585 foreign, and the origin of 172 
was unknown. Professor Bailey has prepared an inventory of Ameri¬ 
can apples (1892) which comprises 878 entries. It is a record giving 
the name which is in commercial use and the section where the variety 
is most sold in each case. The whole number sold in Ontario and east¬ 
ward is 97 ; in New England, 192 ; New York, New Jersey and Penn¬ 
sylvania, 274; Northern Central states, 248; Southern Central states, 
275; South Atlantic states, 275; Gulf states, 149; Northwest. 62; 
Central Mississippi valley, 381; Texas region, 51; plains, 94; Pacific 
region, 137. 
Describe method of propagating the gooseberry. Western. 
Seeds for the raising of new varieties, says Professor Bailey, should 
be sown as soon as well cured in loamy or sandy soil; or they may be 
stratified and sown together with the sand in the spring. Cuttings six 
to eight inches long, of the mature wood, inserted two-thirds their 
length, usually grow readily, especially if taken in August or Septem¬ 
ber and stored during winter in the same way as currant cuttings. 
Single-eye cuttings may be used for rare kinds. Stronger plants are 
usually obtained by layers, and the English varieties arc nearly always 
layered in this country. Mound-layering is usually employed, the 
English varieties being allowed to remain in layerage two years, but 
the American varieties only one. Layered plants are usually set in 
nursery rows for a year after removal from the stools. Green layering 
during summer is usually practiced for new or rare varieties. Strong 
plants may also be procured by tip-layering, as in the black raspberry. 
If it is desired to train the weaker gooseberries in tree form, they may 
be grafted upon the Stronger growing varieties. 
Please give notes on budding cherry, pear, plum and peach, care of 
buds, etc.; also budding apple, time and care of budding scions. 
G. T. Ix. 
Cherries are generally worked on Mazzard stocks. All varieties are 
readily worked upon it. When dwarf trees are desired the Malmleb is 
used as a stock. This stock, which is imported, is adapted to heavy 
clay soils. Prunus Pennsylvania and Primus pumila have been used 
to some extent. The former is the common wild red, pin or bird 
cherry ; the latter the dwarf or sand cherry. Cherry stocks are worked 
both by budding or grafting. Budding is the common method. The 
stocks should be in condition to work the season they are transplanted, 
the second summer from the seed. Any that are too small for working 
may be allowed to stand until the following year. In the West, where 
great hardiness is required, the varieties are crown-grafted on Maz/.aril 
stocks in winter. Yearling stocks are used and the scions are from six 
to ten inches long. When planted, only the top bud should be left 
above the ground. The scions produce trees on their own roots. 
The budding season for pears usually begins late in July or early in 
August in the North. If the stocks are small they may stand over 
winter and be budded the second year. Pear trees do not succeed well 
when root grafted, except when a long scion is used for the purpose of 
securing own-rooted trees. Dormant buds of the pear may be used 
