THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN. 
85 
great demand with the preserving firms both here and in 
Scotland. It is estimated that in an average season not 
less than 200 tons of green fruit will be sent from Mor¬ 
peth alone. There is also a big demand for young bushes 
from America, where' they seem to grow well. The 
Whinham variety is indeed a huge cropper. In its native 
northern county it continues to bear fruit even in its old 
age. There was until lately, if there be not now, a bush 
in Whinham’s old garden at the Allery Banks, Morpeth, 
which could not be less than 50 years of age, and yet up 
till now it crops well. This old bush would doubtless be 
one of Whinham’s original stock.—Newcastle (Eng.) Daily 
Chronicle. 
INFLUENCE OF STOCK UPON SCION. 
A writer in the Gardener s Magazine , London, arrives 
at the following conclusions upon the subject of influence 
of stock upon scion : 
“ There is, ample evidence that the stock can, and 
does influence the scion, in every possible way and in 
every degree, from the root to the seed ; but there is 
much doubt as to the permanence of this influence in a 
large proportion of cases. It is also established that the 
stock has a greater and more lasting effect on the scion, 
when it is allowed to bear its own leaves and growth. 
This point raises far-reaching suggestions as to the 
explanation both of the process in general, and of the 
exceptional manifestations of it. 
“ A further general conclusion that will be readily 
observed from the above classification of the cases (which 
is a perfectly natural and obvious one) is, that the facility 
with which a plant may be influenced in any particular 
way by grafting is in inverse proportion to the degree of 
development or specialization of that part of it which it is 
desired to effect. Another conclusion (so far as the facts 
at present go) is that the more highly organized the parts 
of a plant influenced are, the less likely are such altera¬ 
tions, when induced by grafting, to prove permanent. 
“ There are two other conclusions or inferences sug¬ 
gested by some of these cases, and by a consideration of 
the probable processes by which they are brought about. 
One is, that the nearer the graft is made to the actual 
inflorescence, or final point of growth of the stock, perhaps 
also of the scion, or both, the more likely is the resulting 
flower or fruit to be a blend of the characteristics of the 
two varieties. The other suggestion is, that, where possi¬ 
ble, if the grafting be*done at the time when the stock 
(and also the scion) is forming the flower and fruit bud for 
the following year (grafting as before close to the bud) 
there is every reason to expect that the effect on the 
fruit would be more certain. In most cases the flower 
and fruit is fully formed in embryo in the bud, and as this 
is the time when the particular characteristics are being 
implanted this should also be the time when the stock 
ought to have the most direct influence on the fruit. 
“ If some one interested in the subject, and having the 
opportunity, would graft the blossom buds of, say, one 
distinct variety on to another distinct variety of pear tree, 
he would be able to record the result in less than a year. 
Pear buds have been thus grafted for the purpose of sup¬ 
plying vacancies on an unfruitful tree, but apparently the 
same variety was employed, also roses. With regard to 
the second suggestion, careful experiments are especially 
desirable to obtain information as to the comparative 
results of grafting at different periods of the growth of the 
plant. At present grafting is always done at the time 
when the graft ‘ takes ’ easiest and quickest, and with 
respect to that consideration alone. But grafting, though 
less easy, may be successfully performed pretty nearly 
all the year round if the requisite conditions of warmth 
and moisture are maintained. The possibility of grafting 
blossom or fruit buds during the autumn months has 
been pointed out so long ago as 1812 (Trans. Hort. Soc., vol. 
ii. p. 7), so that there is no inherent impossibility in the 
suggested experiments, and they would certainly prove 
of interest even if they failed to produce the expected 
results ” 
jfovetgn Botes. 
It is estimated that 300,000,000 narcissi bulbs flowered this season in 
the largest of the Scilly Isles, which has a circumference of but nine 
miles. 
The Veitchian medals for 1896 were presented at a meeting of tlie 
Royal Horticultural Society held at the Drill Hall on Tuesday, June 
9th, by Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart. The recipients this year were 
Henri L. de Vilmorin of Paris; Professor Sargent of the Arnold 
Arboretum; F. W. Burbidge and Malcolm Dunn. 
The apple crop in England and Germany will be considerably less 
than that of last season. There is promise of a good demand for the 
American crop at all European points. The English pear crop will 
not be large, with the exception of Williams (Bartlett). As to plums 
England and the continent do not promise large crops; Germany lias a 
moderate crop and Belgium, Holland and France report short crops. 
There is no English or continental production of peaches. 
“The present confusion in the nomenclature of orchids is almost a 
scandal,” writes the Right Hon. J. Chamberlain, M. P., in the Orchid 
Review, “and threatens to be quite intolerable as the number of hybrids 
and so-called varieties continually increases. I had hoped that some¬ 
thing would be done by the orchid committee of the Royal Horticul 
tural Society to bring order out of chaos; but it seems to me now that 
they are among the worst offenders.” 
Those who would enjoy fruit fresh from the tree in the month of October 
should plant the new cherry, Hochgenuss von Erfurt, writes a German 
horticulturist. The tree is a vigorous grower, with a round crown ; 
and the foliage is large and dark green in color; the fruit is rather 
large, of a shining light red color. A peculiarity of the variety is that 
ripe, half-ripe and quite green fruits are found on the tree at one and 
the same time, so that ripe fruits can be gathered for a period of five to 
six weeks. 
Sankey & Co.’s wonderful flower pot factory at Bullwell, near Not¬ 
tingham, England, has an output of 60,000 pots a days, and 250 hands 
are working at high pressure in order to keep pace with orders. W hen 
the business was started in 1853, 2,000 represented the daily output of 
pots. The firm has taken up forty acres of splendid pot earth and 
spent some £20,000 on works, sheds, machinery, etc., so that its equip¬ 
ment is well-nigh perfect. The pottery has a railway siding of its 
own. Within eighteen months one grower alone took 2,000 truck loads 
of ten-inch pots. The stock in hand varies from one million to three 
millions. This pottery, it is claimed, is the largest in the world. 
