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An understanding of the natural adaptation of certain 
plants to certain purposes is necessary for successful plant¬ 
ing. Too many failures are the result of trying to grow shade- 
loving plants in full sun, acid-loving plants in limestone 
regions and swamp-margin plants on dry hillsides. A little 
study of plant requirements will obviate losses, and improve 
the vigor and naturalness of the plant groupings. Some of 
the most common types of plants, with suggestions as to 
various situations in which they can be used, follow. 
ANNUAL VINES: These offer an excellent group of 
plants for covering unsightly fences or walls quickly, or for 
filling bare spots against a new house or fence while the 
flower perennial vines are becoming established. The most 
interesting of the annual vines are: 
Morning glory— Canary Bird Vine 
HeavenlyBiue Cardinal Climber 
Scarlet O’Hara Gourds—mixed 
Moonflower Nasturtium—tall mixed 
Scarlet Runner Bean 
Annuall 
Annuals are particularly useful to the home-gardener who 
wishes to have a great display of bloom for small expendi¬ 
ture. As they are grown each year from seeds, and bloom the 
same season, they are particularly valuable for the new gar¬ 
den in which perennials have not had time to become estab¬ 
lished. They also bloom most prolifically in midsummer 
when blossom effect from perennials is relatively sparse. 
Longer-lived plants which are grown as annuals are treated 
here as such. 
FOR SUN AND DRY SOIL. Most annuals like full sun, 
and a few are particularly useful for hot, dry locations where 
the midsummer sun bakes out most other plants: 
Portulaca Shirley Poppy 
California Poppy Zinnia 
FOR PARTIAL SHADE. Some which will thrive and 
sometimes bloom longer in partial shade include: 
Nasturtium 
Snapdragon 
Pansy 
Sweet William 
Balsam 
Clarkia 
Nemophila 
Annual Stock 
FOR CUTTING. Annuals are prolific and constant in 
bloom and vary widely in color and size, so they naturally 
become the chief reliance in the cutting garden or border. 
Those particularly useful in view of their ease of growth 
and long season of bloom are: 
Snapdragon 
Calendula 
Coreopsis 
Cosmos 
Larkspur 
California Poppy 
Gypsophila 
Ageratum 
Heliotrope 
Sweet Pea 
Gaillardia 
Zinnia 
Blue Laceflower 
Annual Chrysanthemum 
Aster 
Marigold 
Clarkia 
Lupine 
Verbena 
Nasturtium 
Annual Phlox 
Salpiglossis 
Marigold 
Stock 
FOR CONTINUOUS BLOOM. Annuals which reach 
flowering size in a short period may be given several sowings, 
2 or 3 weeks apart, during the summer. These include: 
Gypsophila Phlox 
Cornflower Coreopsis 
Poppy Candytuft 
Mignonette 
Sweet Alyssum and Edging Lobelia may be cut back to 
produce later bloom. 
FOR W INDOW AND PORCH BOXES. As the plants 
in boxes must usually be replaced each year, the use of 
annuals here is inevitable. 
For center of box— 
Zinnia 
Marigold 
Blue Salvia 
To. trail over edge— 
Sweet Alyssum 
Verbena 
Petunia 
Thunbergia 
Lobelia 
Petenniail 
Perennials are those plants that bloom annually, their 
roots lasting from year to year. Many may be grown from 
seeds; others are propagated by division of existing roots or 
by cuttings. They include many of our finest garden flowers 
and have the advantage of needing less yearly attention than 
annuals, in order to yield a succession of bloom from early 
spring until frost. Most flowering plants need sun, and except 
for those listed for shade, perennials should have at least a 
half day’s full sun. 
TO INSURE SUCCESSION OF BLOOM (In order of 
blooming season) : 
Bleeding Heart Oriental Poppy 
Columbine Japanese Iris 
Peony Delphinium 
Phlox Aster 
Chrysanthemum 
FOR SHADE. Few of our garden perennials will succeed 
in dense shade. Where no sun penetrates, the list must be 
restricted largely to those plants which are native to thick 
woodlands. Where there are two or three hours of sun, or 
flickering shade from trees, certain of our garden favorites 
will bloom satisfactorily. 
Dense Shade 
Lily-of-the-V alley 
Trillium 
Violets (native species) 
Plaintain Lily 
Semi-Shade 
Japanese Anemone 
Foxglove 
Bleeding Heart 
Primrose 
For Light, Poor Soil 
Gaillardia 
Flax 
Lupine 
Iceland Poppy 
Moss-pink Phlox 
Yucca 
For Heavy Clay Soil 
Tiger Lily 
Perennial Pea 
Siberian Iris 
FOR CUTTING. Perennials form an important part of 
the well-established cutting garden. Many may also be cut 
from the border to induce further bloom. Among those that 
are useful especially as cut flowers are the following: 
Japanese Anemone Sweet William 
Aquilegia Baby’s Breath 
Shasta Daisy Helenium 
Lily-of-the-Valley Coral-bells 
Coreopsis Iris—all species 
Delphinium Gold-banded Lily 
Peonies 
EASILY GROWN FROM SEED. While some peren¬ 
nials are most satisfactorily increased by division or cuttings, 
others are easily grown from seed. A few will bloom the first 
year if seed is sown early indoors. The rest can be counted 
on for flowers the second summer. Among those thus easily 
raised from seed are the following: 
Golden Marguerite 
Aquilegia 
English Daisy 
Shasta Daisy 
Delphinium 
Digitalis 
Gypsophila 
Candytuft 
Regaj Lily 
Iceland Poppy 
Oriental Poppy 
Balloon-flower 
Salvia 
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