VARIETIES 
The choice of varieties for the garden is a difficult matter, because each person has a personal prefer¬ 
ence to be considered. In addition the chrysanthemum, having become a flower of the specialist, is exhibited 
in dozens of new forms each year, some of which survive the test of distribution, while others are dropped 
after one season, thus making the chosen list of any date more or less useless after a very few seasons. 
TYPES OF BLOOMS 
Certain types of blooms should be known to all growers and gardeners, the final choice of varieties 
from these being safely left to the individual. 
The early flowering and decorative varieties are not so much grown by amateur gardeners as they 
well might be. They flower as freely as the pompon varieties and produce blooms of considerable size 
and a delightful range of shapes and colors. 
With the early-flowering sorts should be grown some of the anemone flowered varieties. I hey are 
delightful chrysanthemums, much like single or semidouble ones, except that the florets of the yellow disks 
develop a more petal-like substance. All are likely to be rather late flowering and should be given a 
sheltered location. 
The single varieties however are beautiful flowers for the home gardener and in the opinion of the 
writer are the very best for cut flowers for the home as well as for garden decorations. Their number 
is legion, and the variations of color, form, and degree of singleness are so many that an extensive collec¬ 
tion might well include only single sorts. 
INSECT ENEMIES 
The aphid in its several forms, black, green, and red, finds the chrysanthemums a favorite feeding 
place, and the careful gardener must be constantly prepared to apply contact insecticides to prevent the 
aphids from multiplying to such numbers that the plants are checked in their development. Two thorough 
applications will check each attack, one killing the larger part of the infestation and the second catching 
any which escaped the first application. 
The aphids may often be knocked off by a strong stream of water from a hose where available, and 
this treatment, frequently given, is often all that is necessary to keep them in check. 
Additional information regarding Chrysanthemums will be given upon request. 
SHADING TO ADVANCE THE FLOWERING SEASON 
Methods of applying shade vary with most growers. It depends on the material on hand and the lo¬ 
cation of the beds. While black sateen cloth is most widely used, it is by no means the only suitable 
material. 
With new cloth that produces a maximum shade, roll the cloth over them at 6 P. M., leaving it until 
7 A. M., following morning. With large mums, a few days over three weeks is ordinarily required to set 
buds, after which, discontinue shading. With the pompons, the shading must be continued after the first 
or center bud is set. This is necessary to get the side buds set, and usually calls for ten days or 2 weeks 
longer shading On October pompons, around 60 days can be safely figured from the start or shading to 
cutting of crop. November varieties will run a week or 10 days over this. Big mums will cover about the 
same time from shading to cutting, the varieties vary in this class. 
TO RETARD FLOWERING 
This is done thru prolonging daylight with electric lights as already suggested. For mid-season kind, 
turn on lights about August 20. For December varieties, start a week later. Do not start later, or fin¬ 
ished stock'will tend to have long necks and some times, malformed flowers. Use 40 Watt bulbs with re¬ 
flectors Space lights 5 feet and high enough to spread the light well over the bed. Turn lights on when 
darkness is reached and for 3 hours daily. Continue the lighting for three-fourths as many days as it is 
wished to delay flowering: in other words, if you wish to defer flowering 20 days keep the lights on them 
15 davs It is not considered practical to delay flowering more than 3 or 4 weeks. Take first bud show¬ 
ing after light treatment stops. While the behavior of varieties varies under this treatment, success with 
the above suggestions has been fairly uniform. 
J. FRED PIPER. 
Page Fifteen 
