538 
cyperaceje. (sedge family.) 
perigynia oblong-ovoid, with a short nearly entire white and membrana¬ 
ceous point, strongly nerved throughout, smooth, spreading horizontally 
at maturity, longer than the rather obtuse scale. — Swamps, Wayne 
county, New York ( Sartwcll ), to Michigan, northward. 
2. C* exilis, Dew. Culm rough; spike rarely all staminate and 
filiform, but commonly fertile with a few staminate flowers at the 
base, densely flowered, occasionally with 1-2 very small additional 
fertile spikes below the sterile flowers; perigynia spreading, ovate- 
lanceolate, plano-convex, with a few fine nerves only on the convex side, 
distinctly serrulate on the margin , 2-toothed at the apex , rather longer 
t an the acute scales. — Swamps, Massachusetts and Rhode Island to 
ew Jersey, near the coast: also borders of mountain lakes, Essex 
county, New York. 
* * Stigmas 3: leaves flat. 
C* SCirpoidca, Michx. Spike narrowly cylindrical; peri¬ 
gynia ovoid , with a minute point, densely hairy, dark purple at matu¬ 
rity, about the length of the pointed ciliate scale. (C. Wormskjoldi- 
ana, Homem. C. Michauxii, Schio .) — Alpine summits of the White 
Mountains, N. Hampshire, Oakes, ^c., Drummond’s Island, Michigan. 
§ 2. Spike androgynous, staminate at the summit. 
/ Stigmas 2 : leaves bristle-form. 
• • c »pitata, L. Spike small, roundish-ovoid; perigynw 
roa ly elliptic with a notched membranaceous point, compressed , 
smooth, spreading, longer than the rather obtuse scale; staminate 
flowers imbricated.—.Summits of the White Mountains, New Hamp¬ 
shire, Robbins, Oakes. 
* * Stigmas 3 : leaves very narrow, shorter than the culm. 
5. c. paucifldra, Lightfoot. Spike few-flowered; sterile 
owers 1-2, commonly single ; perigynia awl-shaped, reflexed, straw- 
colored ; scales deciduous. (C. leucogldchin, Ehrh.) - Peat-bogs, New 
England and W. New York, northward. 
6. C. polytricholdes, Muhl. Culm slender; spike very 
sma 1, few-flowered; perigynia erect , alternate, oblong, compressed-tri¬ 
angular, obtuse, slightly nerved, entire at the apex, green, twice the 
length of the ovate scale. (C. leptalda, Wahl. C. mierostachya, 
Michx.) Low grounds and bogs, common. 
B* Spike solitary, simple, androgynous, staminate at the summit, 
bracts and scales of the pistillate flowers green and leaf-like, tapering 
from a broad base, the lowest much longer than the spike, the upper¬ 
most equalling the slightly inflated perigynia: style jointed at the 
base : stigmas 3. (Leaves numerous, long and grassy, much exceed¬ 
ing the short, almost radical culms.) — PhyllostAchvs, Torr. &Gr. 
7. €. Willdendvii, Schk. Sterile flowers 4 - 8, closely im¬ 
bricated; perigynia 6-9, somewhat alternate, oblong, rough on the 
