CYPERACEA2. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 539 
angles and tapering beak; achenium oblong, triangular, finely dotted; 
stigmas downy. — Copses, W. New York and westward. 
8. steudelii, Kunth. Sterile flowers 10 — 15, rather loose¬ 
ly imbricated into a linear (apparently distinct) spike; perigynia 2-3, 
roundish-obovoid , smooth , with a long and abrupt rough beak; achenium 
roundish, obscurely triangular, very minutely dotted; stigmas downy. 
(C. Jamesii, Schw. Anal . Tab.) — Woody hill-sides, N. New York to 
Ohio. 
9. C. Btickli, Boott. Sterile flowers 3, inconspicuous ; perigy- 
nia 2-4, loose, globose-ovoid with a conical beak , smooth throughout; 
achenium globose-pyriform, scarcely dotted; stigmas smooth. — Rocky 
hills, N. New York to Ohio and northward. — Culms generally short¬ 
er, and the leafy scales broader and more conspicuous, than in the two 
last. 
C. Spikes several or numerous , androgynous (occasionally dioe¬ 
cious in Nos. 10 and 33), sessile , forming a compact or more or less 
interrupted sometimes paniculate-compound or decompound inflores¬ 
cence : stigmas 2 : achenium lenticular. — Vignjea, Beauv. 
§ 1. Spikes approximated, with the staminate and pistillate flowers 
variously situated; perigynia plano-convex, nerved, with a rough 
slightly toothed beak : bracts light brown, resembling the scales, or 
with a prolonged point, shorter than the (at maturity) brown and 
chaffy-looking spikes. — Siccatas. 
10. C. bromoides, Schk. Spikes 4-6, alternate, oblong-lan¬ 
ceolate, some of the central ones wholly fertile; perigynia erect, nar¬ 
row-lanceolate with a tapering point, solid and spongy at the base, 
longer than the lanceolate scale; style jointed at the base. — Swamps, 
&c., common. — A slender species, occasionally dioecious. 
11. C. siccata, Dew. Spikes 4 - 8, ellipsoid, the uppermost , 
and commonly 1-3 of the lowest , fertile below , the intermediate ones 
frequently all staminate ; perigynia ovate-lanceolate, compressed, with 
a long rather abrupt beak, about the length of the scale; style mi¬ 
nutely hairy. (C. pallida, C. A. Meyer.) — Sandy plains, New England 
to W. New York and westward. 
12. C. Sartwellii, Dew. Spikes numerous , short and ovoid , 
the upper chiefly staminate , the lower jrrincipally or entirely fertile; pe¬ 
rigynia ovate-lanceolate, the margins not united to the top, leaving a 
deep cleft on the outer side; scale ovate, pointed, about the length of 
the perigynium. — Seneca county, New York ( SartwelL ), to Michigan 
and westward. 
§ 2. Spikes pistillate below , staminate at the summit. 
* Perigynia of a thick and corky texture , with a short 2-toothed rough¬ 
ly-margined beak, nerved towards the base, dark chestnut-brown 
and polished at maturity: spikes decompound, paniculate: scales 
