678 
MUSCI. (MOSSES.) 
green. — Ohio and Penn., not rare; on very much decayed stumps 
and logs: resembles the young growth of Dicranum flagellare. (Muse. 
Meghan. No. 171.) 
2. Pliyllogonium Norvegicum, Bridel. Stems frond¬ 
like, flat, mostly simple (about 1' long and 1 #/ wide), bulbous at the 
base; leaves imbricated, 2-ranked, folded together, nerved to the apex, 
those in the middle of the stem erect, oblong, obtuse, obliquely apicu- 
late; the perich. and perigonial leaves attenuated into a long flexu- 
ous spreading pellucid and slight point; dioecious ; flowers of both 
kinds terminal. — On sandstone rocks, Fairfield county, Ohio. Has 
very much the habit of a Fissidens. (Muse. Meghan. No. 188. 
Mem. Amer. Acad. 3, n. ser.,p. 57, t. 1.) 
Or*>er 135. HEPATIC JE. (Liverworts.)* 
Moss-like plants, of a loose cellular texture, usually pro¬ 
cumbent and emitting rootlets from beneath ; the calyptra 
not separating from the base, but usually rupturing at the 
apex; the capsule not opening by a lid, containing spores 
usually mixed with elaters (which are thin thread-like cells, 
containing one or two spiral fibres, uncoiling elastically at 
maturity). — Vegetation sometimes frondose, i. e. the stem 
and leaves confluent into an expanded leaf-like mass; some¬ 
times foliaceous, when the leaves are distinct from the stem 
as in true Mosses, entire or cleft, 2-ranked, and often with 
an imperfect or rudimentary row (amphigastria) on the 
under side of the stem. Reproductive organs of 2 kinds, viz. 
antheridia and pistillidia, much as in Mosses (p. 642), 
variously situated. The matured pistillidium forms the cap- 
sule, which is either sessile or borne on a long cellular ped¬ 
icel, and dehiscent by irregular openings, by teeth at its 
apex, or lengthwise by 2 - 4 valves. A columella is rarely 
present. The perianth is a tubular organ inclosing the ca¬ 
lyptra, which directly includes the pistillidium. Surround¬ 
ing the perianth are involucral leaves of particular forms. 
The antheridia in the foliaceous species are situated in the 
axils of perigonial leaves. 
* Contributed, as also the preceding Order, by Wm. S. Suixivant, Esq. 
