HEPATICJE. (LIVERWORTS.) 679 
Artificial Analysis. 
I. Vegetation frondose (stem and leaves confluent in a frond). 
* Elaters and columella wanting. 
1. Ricci a. Capsule valveless, globular, immersed in the frond. 
* * Elaters none or imperfect: columella present! 
2. Notothylas. Capsule 2-valved, sessile on the frond. 
3. Anthoceros. Capsule 2-valved, elongated-linear, peduncled. 
* * * Elaters with l or 2 spiral fibres: columella none. 
Capsule nearly sessile, opening irregularly : fertile recept. peduncled. 
4. Marchantia. Fruit-bearing receptacle disk-shaped, 8- 10-rayed. 
5. Fegatella. Fruit-bearing receptacle conical, smooth at the apex. 
6. Rebouillia. Fruit-bearing receptacle disk-shaped, 4-5-lobed. 
7. Fimbriaria. Fruit-bearing recept. conical, tuberculate at the apex. 
m- Capsule pedicelled, dehiscent by 4 valves. 
8. Metzgeria. Frond with a midrib. Fruit ventral. 
9. Aneura. Frond without a midrib. Fruit underneath the margin. 
10. Pellia. Frond without a midrib. Fruit dorsal. 
11. Hollia. Frond with a midrib. Fruit dorsal. 
11. Vegetation foliaceous (i. e. leaves distinct and separate). 
* Leaves incubous , i. e. their bases covered severally by the apex of 
the preceding. 
Leaves complicate -2-lobed. 
12. Lejeunia. Amphigastria present. Perianth terete or angular. 
13. Frullania. Amphigastria present. Perianth compressed-keeled. 
14. Madotheca. Amphig. present. Perianth compressed, 2-lipped. 
15. Radula. Amphigastria absent. Perianth compressed. 
16. Ptilidicm. Amphig. present. Perianth terete. Leaves ciliate. 
17. Trichocolea. Amphigastria present. Perianth none. Leaves 
capillary-many-cleft. 
Leaves not complicate-2-Iobed : amphigastria present. 
18. Sendtnera. Perianth 6-angular, tubular, deeply inany-cleft. 
19. Lepidozia. Perianth 3-plaited, elongated ; mouth denticulate. 
20. Mastigobryum. Perianth 3-angular, long; the mouth 3-toothed. 
21. Calypogeia. Perianth oblong, sac-like, truncate, hairy, attached 
by one side of its mouth to the stem. 
* * Leaves succubovs , i. e. their bases severally covering the apex of 
the preceding. 
Amphigastria present. 
22. Geocalyx. Perianth wanting. Involucre tubular. 
23. Chiloscyphus. Perianth deeply2 — 3-lobed. Calyptra chartaceous. 
24. Lophocolea. Perianth 3-lobed, triangular; lobes crest-toothed. 
25. Sphagnic(Etis. Perianth 3-angular at the apex; mouth denticulate. 
26. Jungermannia. Perianth tubular, plaited-denticulate, the mouth 
3-6-cleft. 
