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THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN. 
AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 
The executive committee of the American Pomological 
Society takes pleasure in announcing its acceptance of the 
Pennsylvania Horticultural Society to hold the twenty-sixth 
biennial session with that organization in Philadelphia on Sep¬ 
tember 7 and 8, 1899. 
The sessions will be held in the beautiful and spacious hall 
of the Pennsylvania society, which has been tendered for the 
purpose. Space for exhibits entered in competition for the 
Wilder medals, to be awarded by the society for fruits of 
special merit, will also be provided. 
Much interest in the coming session has been manifested 
among horticulturists throughout the country and it is expected 
that the attendance will be large and representative of our 
fruit growing interests. 
Ten state horticultural societies have already notified the 
executive committee of the selection of delegates to represent 
them at the meeting, and a number of others are expected to 
do so. Questions of special importance to fruit growers will 
be discussed and a varied and interesting programme is in prep¬ 
aration. 
Low railroad rates from all parts of the country are assured, 
as advantage can be taken of the reduced fares in effect at 
that time, on account of the Grand Army Encampment. 
Further announcement of programme and other arrange¬ 
ments will be made by circulars, which will be mailed to all 
applicants who desire to be informed in regard to the meeting. 
All persons interested in fruits and fruit culture are invited to 
become members of the American Pomological Society, the 
only requisite being the remittance of biennial membership fee 
which is two dollars to the treasurer. Officers of the society 
are : President, C. L. Watrous, Des Moines, Iowa ; chairman 
of executive committee, P. J. Berckmans. Augusta, Ga.; secre¬ 
tary, Wm. A. Taylor, 55 Q St. N. E., Washington, D. C.; 
treasurer, L. R. Taft, Agricultural College, Mich. 
IOWA NURSERYMEN’S WORK. 
The committee on experimental stations, of the Iowa Horti¬ 
cultural Society, has fixed on the distribution of stock to the 
experimental stations of the society this year. The plan is to 
push plant breeding in Iowa. The purpose is to develop fruit 
adapted to the soils, climate and conditions of the state. The 
distribution committee is President Gardner, of Osage; John 
Craig, of Ames, and Elmer Reeves, of Waverly. Prof. Craig 
will carry on the general work of plant breeding, and also will 
conduct experiments at three or more places in the state in 
spraying to determine the best methods for controlling fungus 
diseases and insects which are injurious to leaf, plant or fruit. 
The distribution to the stations was fixed upon as follows: 
C. G. Patten, Charles City—“The Crossing of Apples; ” C. L. Wat¬ 
rous, Des Moines—“The Crossing of Apples and Pears;” R. P. Speer, 
Cedar Falls—“ The Crossing and Top Grafting of Apples; ” P. F. 
Ivinne, Storm Lake—“ Top Working Apples; ” A. Branson, New Sharon 
—“ The Crossing of Plums, Cherries, and Stone Fruits;” M. J. Wragg, 
Waukee—“ The Crossing of Plums, Cherries and Ornamentals; ” J. P. 
Jackson, Glenwood—“ The Crossing of Small Fruits and Peaches.” 
TRADE GENERALLY APPRECIATES. 
J. H. Gage, Fairbury, Neb., March 11 , 1899 .—“I believe the trade 
generally appreciates the National Nurseryman and is thankful it 
lias such an excellent trade paper.” 
REPLACING MICHIGAN ORCHARDS. 
The interest in fruit has been rapidly growing through 
Eastern and Central Michigan, says a writer in the Michigan 
Farmer. There are now orchards of peach, plum and pear in 
localities where ten years ago it was thought useless to attempt 
raising these fruits on a large scale. Shall we not expect that 
there will soon be as much interest in the apple, the most valua¬ 
ble of orchard fruits ? A representative of a nursery which does 
a large business in Southern Michigan informed us not long 
ago that his orders for apple trees the past season were large. 
A few years ago they amounted to little. Possibly the 
reaction has set in; it is to be hoped so. Those who set trees 
venture and may be expected to go at it in the right way. In 
a few more years we may see thrifty, well-kept orchards in the 
sections where they have been neglected. 
JAPANESE NURSERIES. 
In an illustrated address before the Massachusetts Horti¬ 
cultural Society on March 18th, John K. M. L. Farquhar, of 
Boston, upon his visit to Japan last summer, said : 
The greatest horticultural center of the country is Tokyo. Mr. 
Yeitch, of London, in his notes on Japan has stated that the nurseries 
about Tokyo exceed those of Boskoop, Ghent, the bulb grounds of 
Holland and the seed grounds of Erfurt and Quedlinburg combined. 
This is a bold statement; yet. having visited all these places, I am of 
opinion that it is no exaggeration. Some of the nnrserymen carry 
miscellaneous stocks, while others are specialists. 
Some nurseries are devoted to Cycas revoluta, which are grown as 
large specimens, or dwarfed by twisting and tying down the leaves. 
Many of the plants have small crowns grafted into the lower part of 
their stems, giving them curious forms; some of them are worth 200 
yen. 
The morning glory nurseries are particularly interesting. The 
plants are grown in pots, wall pots or hanging baskets, and the variety 
of colols and forms is endless. Flowers five inches across are fre¬ 
quent; there are also many double-flowered sorts. The finer sorts are 
grown only as pot plants; they are not sown in the open ground, as 
with us. 
Some nurseries are devoted to ornamental-leaved maples. In one I 
found over eighty distinct sorts. 
Many travelers are mostly taken with the tree nurseries, where such 
conifers as Pinus parvifolia, Pinus Thunbergi, Thuja obtusa nana and 
Retinospora filifera are dwarfed and stunted in small pots. Many of 
the trees seen are said to be three or four hundred years old. Ivies, 
several varieties of podocarpus and maples are also employed for cul¬ 
tivation. These trees, I think, will never become popular here ; the 
labor of caring for them is too great, and a few weeks of neglect will 
ruin the work of generations. 
The nurseries of Tokyo are enclosed with hedges of cryptomeria, 
camellia or bamboo. 
Of the many shrubs found in these mountains, Hydrangea panicu- 
lata was at the time of my visit the most conspicuous, because it was 
in full bloom. I picked flowers of Hydrangea vestita, Lycoris 
squamigera, Anemopsis macrophylla, Epilobium spicatum, Clematis 
apiifolia, Campanula punctata. Adenophora latifolia, Scabiosa japon- 
ica, Lespedeza bicolor, Patrina hispida, P. scabiossefolia, P. officinalis. 
Salvia japonica, Primula japonica, Aster scaber, Veronica longifolia, 
and Camellia nudiflora. 
As I have said, Japan has given us many beautiful plants, particu¬ 
larly adapted to our climate ; the practice of horticulture, however, 
is generally much behind ours. 
Japan will be helpful to us in supplying lilies, iries and preonies, 
which on account of climate and cheap labor she can produce advan¬ 
tageously, but I do not believe she will become a serious rival to 
American or European nurserymen, as has been feared. 
