THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN. 
21 
ject the owners to a fine double the expense of so doing. 
The commissioners shall cause all nurseries in the state to 
be inspected and shall make such regulations as are deemed 
necessary regarding the sale and distribution of nursery stock 
grown in the state or imported into the state. Failure to com¬ 
ply with such regulations shall make it unlawful for such per¬ 
sons to bring suit in the courts of the state for the recovery of 
money due for such nursery stock. Two thousand dollars is 
to be appropriated for carrying the law into effect. 
CANADIAN COMMENT. 
In the February issue of the Canadian Horticulturist is the 
following comment on San Jose scale : 
It is estimated that about 3,000 trees in our Province are affected 
and must be immediately destroyed in order to stamp out the pest. 
This will be the work of the Province, Then it will rest with the 
Dominion to pass an act that will prevent the introduction of any more 
infested fruit or fruit trees from the United States, for unless the 
action of the local bouse in stamping it out, is sustained by the Domin¬ 
ion in keeping it out, all our efforts will be in vain. Whole groves of 
forest trees have been destroyed in some seetions of the United States, 
we have been informed, as the only sure method of checking the spread 
of the San Jose scale. 
A committee re San Jose scale interviewed the Minister of Agri¬ 
culture, on Tuesday, January 25th. In response to their demands for 
prohibition of the importation of affected nursery stock, the minister 
said that the United States had prohibited the export of such trees. 
No San Jose scale has yet been found in any Canadian nursery. 
W. N. Y. HORTICULTURISTS. 
More than the usual large number attended the forty-third 
annual meeting of the Western New York Horticultural 
Society, in Rochester, January 26-27. Among the nurserymen 
present were President William C. Barry, Vice-president S. D. 
Willard, Irving Rouse, C. H. P rkins, Wing Smith, E. Moody, 
Nelson Bogue, Thomas W. Bowman, John Charlton, Mr* 
Htnry, of Sears, Henry & Co., Geneva, N. Y., J. J. Harrison, 
Painesville, Ohio., H. T. Jones, Elizabeth, N. Y., H. S. Wiley, 
Cayuga, N. Y., C. M. Hooker, Rochester. 
Professor W. B. Alwood, state entomologist of Virginia, gave 
the result of two years’ experience with the San Jose scale. 
There were papers and discussions by Professor H. E Van 
Deman of Virginia, Professors J. P. Roberts and M. V. Slinger- 
land, of Ithaca, Professor Victor H. Lowe, Director W. H. 
Jordan, Professor S. A. Beach and Dr. L. L. Van Slyke of 
Geneva, George T. Powell, of Ghent, Professor Card of the 
University of Nebraska, Professor John Craig of Ottawa, Can. 
Opinions concerning the future of the fruit industry by-such 
men as Mr. Powell, Mr. Willard, Mr. Woodward, Mr. Van 
Deman and many other prominent and experienced men con¬ 
tained ideas that set the hearers to thinking. 
At the afternoon session of the first day nearly 1,000 were 
present. One of the oldest members of the society there was 
C. L. Hoag, of Lockport, the originator of the Niagara grape. 
There were displays of Iruit by Ellwanger & Barry and the 
Geneva Experiment Station that opened the eyes of the oldest 
horticulturists. A large number of students of Cornell Uni¬ 
versity were present. William C. Barry was re-elected presi¬ 
dent and John Hall, Rochester, secretary. S. Wright McCol¬ 
lum, of Lockport, won the Ellwanger prize for the best display 
of fruit. 
RELATIVE VALUE OF STOCK. 
In a symposium on the value of early and late maturing 
trees in a nursery the Rural New Yorker publishes the 
following opinions : 
Professor L. H. Bailey, New York.—“I do not believe that mere 
lateness of maturity in the nursery is any particular disadvantage to 
the tree. The question specifies that the tree shall be healthy and not 
deformed. It should, of course, not be stunted. A tree of merely 
slow growth is often better than one which is making a very vigorous 
growth.” 
Professor H. E. VanDeman, Virginia.—“The trees which fail to 
grow so well as others under like conditions in the nursery row, have 
been noticed, according to my observation and experience, to come 
into bearing earlier than those which grow vigorously. If they are 
healthy, I would not fear to plant such in an orchard. I have made 
very large bearing trees of just such trees. But it is a common notion 
that none but the more thrifty trees should be planted. Slow growth 
is attributable, in many cases, to disease, but it is not always so.” 
T. T. Lyon, Michigan.—“I am not inclined to favor the selection of 
large, overgrown nursery trees, for orchard planting. My own ex¬ 
perience would indicate that sound, healthy trees of moderately vig¬ 
orous growth can be more surely relied on for satisfactory results. It 
should not, however, be forgotten that nursery trees are worked upon 
seedling stocks, and that seedlings are liable to vary greatly. If, 
therefore, after digging the young, any are found with scion outgrow¬ 
ing the stock, indicating a lack of vigor in the seedling; or if there is 
enlargement at the point of union between stock and scion, indicating 
incompatibility, such trees are likely to prove unhealthy and short¬ 
lived, and should be rejected.” 
George T. Powell. New York.—“I do not consider the lighter stock 
in the nursery inferior. Influences which we cannot fully explain will 
cause some buds to start slower than others, but if they show thrift 
and vigor, the light stock will make equally as good trees. In one 
block of Bartlett pears I set, several years ago, a lot of heavy, three- 
year old-trees, also a lot of two-year-olds, both lots well grown, the 
lighter trees came into bearing at the same time that the heavy trees 
did. The light stock suffers less in the change from the nursery to 
the orchard, and seems to make the most growth for the first two 
years. I always buy medium stock.” 
S. D. Willard, New York.—“Aside from the fact that the last dug 
trees from a given variety in a nursery row are likely to be of smaller 
size than those that have been dug in the earlier stages of growth, I 
know of no reason why they are not equally as good. The orchards 
that I have are, in the main, made up of this class of trees that pur¬ 
chasers are not inclined to take, and as you have seen them you can 
judge whether or not we have been wise in our plantings. Those first 
dug are likely to be heavier at the same age, and the impression often 
js that they are of more value ; yet, in my own experience, I have no 
proof that such is the fact.” 
Professor W. B. Alwood, Virginia.—“My observation covering a 
period of years, is that the vigorous, well-grown, two-year trees trans - 
plant more readily, grow off with greater vigor, and produce, from 
my standpoint, finer trees. For instance, these vigorous young trees 
will stand severe pruning, both of the roots and tops, and throw out 
at once a stronger growth than will the older stock which has required 
a longer period to reach maturity in the nursery. This fact has been 
observed by me, both in nursery work done under my own control, 
and in the larger nurseries of the state.” 
REPRESENTS NURSERY INTERESTS. 
Central Michigan Nursery Company, Charles A. Maxon 
9 
General Manager, Kalamazoo. Mich., Feb. 15, 1898.—“Nearly 
every important industry in this country has a publication to represent 
its business interests, and it is with pleasure that we hand you here¬ 
with draft to cover our subscription for the coming year, and to ex¬ 
press to you our appreciation of the National Nurseryman, which 
in our opinion represents the nursery business in a most excellent 
manner. We wish you continued success.” 
