6 4 
THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN. 
EN ROUTE TO OMAHA. 
As this issue went to press a party of eastern nurserymen 
was preparing to start for the convention of the American 
Association. It was arranged that the rendezvous should be 
at Rochester. The Genesee Valley party was augmented by 
arrivals from Philadelphia, New York, Geneva and other 
points east and at Buffalo one or two others joined. The 
route selected was the Wabash line to Chicago and the Rock 
Island from Chicago to Omaha. The management of both 
roads did all in their power to make the trip enjoyable. The 
Wabash railway company, which has long operated “The 
Banner Route,” some time ago extended its line through to 
Buffalo and at once became an active solicitor for the large 
amount of traffic from the east centering in Buffalo. Equipped 
as it is with free reclining chair cars in the construction of 
which the utmost resources of the car builder’s art have been 
exhausted, the Wabash line offers special inducements for 
travelers east and west. The equipment of the road is of the 
highest class throughout. In connection with the West Shore, 
the Fitchburg and the Union Pacific railways, the Wabash 
furnishes through service from the Atlantic to the Pacific, a 
distance of over 3,000 miles. Solid vestibuled trains with 
buffet parlor, and Pullman and Wagner sleeping coaches and 
free reclining chair cars are run on schedules which admit of 
easy connection with roads in any direction throughout the 
line. A feature of the equipment is the compartment sleeping 
coach, furnishing state-rooms with every convenience, at 
moderate rates. 
A new time schedule will go into effect on June 5th, when 
the Wabash line will be doing its full share of the great Trans- 
Mississippi Exposition business. 
SPRAYING MACHINERY. 
The secretary for agriculture, Nova Scotia, says : 
“The finest sprays are produced by the eddy-chamber 
nozzles, and by those in which two streams of water strike 
each other at an angle. With such nozzles spray can be made 
as fine as desired, the size of the outlet orifice being the main 
controlling factor. For long distance work, when the liquid 
is to be carried ten feet or more, the best spray is formed 
when the fluid is forced through two flat parallel metal sur¬ 
faces. The greater the pressure, the greater will be the 
amount of fine spray and the farther will it be thrown. 
Although the ideal nozzle has not yet been made in metal, 
some of the forms now sold are approaching perfection. 
“ All good spray machinery is expensive, and only careless 
operators will neglect the ordinary methods of preserving it 
as long as possible. When the pump has been used in apply¬ 
ing any of the preparations with the exception of clear water, 
it should be cleaned. No insecticide or fungicide should be 
allowed to stand within the pump, but clear water should be 
pumped through it before it is put away. It is well to oil all 
the working parts occasionally, as a little oil at times may 
prevent the metal from being cut, and the pump will be thus 
preserved much longer that otherwise. Nozzles are also bene¬ 
fited by the same treatment. Oil can scarcely be used too 
freely on the inside of such apparatus, and an occasional coat 
of paint on the outside will assist materially in protecting the 
metal. The careless man pays dearly for his neglect ” 
GRAPE VINE TRADE. 
T. S. Hubbard, Fredonia, N. Y., writes under date of May 23: 
“ Our sales the past season have been very satisfactory in 
quantity—over twenty-five per cent greater than in the previous 
year ; but prices have ruled considerably below cost of pro¬ 
duction and this, together with the unfavorable season for the 
growth of grape vines last summer, has made the year an 
unprofitable one for us. But our salable stock was nearly all 
closed out and the over-production and surplus of grape vines 
that has existed the past two years we believe is now disposed 
of, so that the largely reduced planting of cuttings both last 
year and this, will cause a shortage in both one and two year 
vines the coming season, and prices must necessarily materially 
advance. 
“While our plantings are not as heavy as last year, yet with 
the present favorable prospects we hope for a better quality 
and growth. Our spring plantings were got in in unusually 
good season and condition. Collections have been excep¬ 
tionally good. Altogether we think prospects are quite en¬ 
couraging.” 
THE ORANGE WORM. 
A recent despatch from Los Angeles reads as follows : Dr. 
Leland O. Howard, entomologist for the department of agri¬ 
culture at Washington, and curator of insects for the national 
museum, is in the city on his return from Mexico, where, with 
others of his department, he has been making a thorough 
examination into the matter of the Morales orange worm, 
Trypeta ludens. The report he gives is not encouraging to the 
growers of oranges in this state, as it seems it is simply a 
matter of luck whether or not the ranchers here are afflicted 
with this pest, which seems to be even more of a danger than 
was the white scale. 
Dr. Howard found that the claim of the Mexicans that the 
worm was confined to the one state of Morales was incorrect, 
for it has been found by his party everywhere in Mexico 
where oranges are grown, except the state of Sonora. Its 
entrance into that place and into California, unless the most 
rigid precautions are taken, is simply a matter of time and 
chance. 
The fly is about the size of a house fly, slightly narrower 
and with barred wings. It deposits its eggs a short distance in 
the skin of the orange, and when the maggot hatches it at 
once pierces the remaining portion of the skin and makes its 
way into the pulp of the fruit, where it lives until ready to 
change into a fly, eating the interior of the fruit and present¬ 
ing a most disgusting appearance when the orange is cut open. 
It has been shown that the fly is not kept in Mexico by 
climatic conditions, as it has been hatched in Nebraska and 
Washington and has thrived there under the watch of investi¬ 
gators. There is no remedy known against its ravages, unless 
it be that of a strict quarantine, which Dr. Howard will 
recommend on his return to Washington. 
The proceedings of the 43d annual meeting of the Western New 
York Horticultural Society have been published under the direction of 
the Secretary, John Hall. This organization was ushered into the 
world by Charles Downing, Patrick Barry, John J. Thomas and other 
pioneer pomologists and horiculturists, and its history is interwoven 
with the marvelous development of fruit interests, not only of New 
York State but of the entire Union. 
