THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN. 
139 
The first step in a discussion of marketing is a classification 
of the purposes of the given enterprise. Classified in respect 
to the objects in view, there are two kinds of fruit growing,— 
that which desires it primarily for market. Of market or com¬ 
mercial fruit growing, there are again two types,—that which 
aims at a special or personal market, and that which aims at 
the general or open market. The ideals in these two types 
of fruit growing are very unlike, and the methods and the 
varieties which succeed for the one may not succeed for the 
other. 
The man who grows fruits for the special market, has a 
definite problem. The product is desired for its intrinsic 
qualities ; and special products demand special prices. The 
man who grows fruit for the world’s market, has no personal 
customer. The product is desired for its intiinsic or market 
qualities ; and the world’s products bring the world’s prices. 
The special market fruit grower generally works on a small 
base. The world’s market fruit grower works on a large base ; 
or he sells to another who, by combining similar products of 
many persons, is able to command the attention of the market. 
Failure to distinguish these two categories is the result of a 
confusion of ideas. One grows fruit either for special and 
personal market, in which case he looks for his own customer 
and is independent of general trade ; or he grows what the 
market demands, and allows the machinery of trade to handle 
the product. In the latter effort, the American fruit grower 
is preeminent; but in the former he has made little more than 
a beginning. 
A SUMMARY. 
i. The essence of these remarks is the fact that in the 
staple or large area crops, the demand regulates the supply ; 
whereas, in products which are essentially luxurious, amenities 
and accessories, the supply largely regulates the demand. 
QUESTION OF PLANTING. 
A person connected with an experiment station is often 
asked if he would advise the planting of more fruit. The 
question is one which pertains to business and is therefore not 
in the purview of the experimenter ; and the success of any 
venture is intimately associated with the personality of its 
promoter. 
It seems to me that the success in the general metropolitan 
and export markets is to be more and more secured by large 
area fruit farming, and that other fruit farmers must develop 
sufficient skill to raise choicer things for more restricted and 
better markets. As a whole, fruit growing is not overdone, 
particularly if the foreign markets are properly encouraged and 
supplied ; but in particular cases and places it is overdone. 
Some fruits are not capable of indefinite extension. It seems, 
for example, that grape growing in Western New York has 
reached the limit of its profitable development for the time be¬ 
ing. Grapes are a dessert fruit. They are not used to a large 
extent in culinary preparations; and there are few incidental or 
secondary products,—that is, they are not dried, canned, made 
into jellies and the like, to any extent. Moreover, quality in a 
grape does not show t on the surface as it does on apples or 
peaches. In apples, there is likely to continue to be a demand 
for export, and the demand for dessert apples is almost 
wholly unsupplied. In fact, the demand of the world’s 
markets has obscured the importance of the special markets. 
Of good peaches, pears, apricots and berry fruits there is suf- 
ficiemt supply only in occasional years ; for even when the 
open market may be full, there are still persons who are ask¬ 
ing for a better grade for private use. All these hints are 
given to indicate the fact that success in fruit growing is quite 
as much the hunting out of a market as the raising of the 
fruit ; and the market problem should be clearly in mind from 
the moment the plantation is planned. 
2. It follows, then, that general or staple products find 
their best outlet in the general and open markets ; special and 
accessory products find their only outlet in particular and per¬ 
sonal markets. 
3. The foreign market may be expected to increase. I 
have already outlined the reasons, as they appeal to me, for 
the great development of fruit growing in North America ; and 
therein are stated reasons why we can enter the European 
markets. It only remains to add that the European consumers 
desire our fruit. It is handsome, uniform, and much of it is 
of excellent quality. It is also well packed ; or, rather, that 
which is not well packed does not reach the discriminating 
consumer. The English are now well acquainted with our 
apples, and fruit buyers on the continent, particularly in Ger¬ 
many, are learning to know them. The foreign market is only 
fairly opened : it is not yet supplied. Most persons with 
whom I have talked in Europe believe that the European fruit 
growers cannot compete with the American in general market 
fruit and they are looking for a growing trade in American 
produce ; and my own opinion is that they cannot compete 
with us in apples, and probably not even in pears and some 
other fruits. But as exportation increases the more discrimi¬ 
nating the foreign market will become. Greater and greater 
attention must be given to packing and grading, selection of 
varieties, and particularly to good tillage, thinning and spray¬ 
ing ; for spraying gives a better keeping as well as a sounder 
fruit. 
FULL OF INFORMATION. 
J. C. Boyd, Guy’s Mills, Pa. —“Enclosed find $1 for the journal. 
I find the National Nurseryman very instructive and full of inform¬ 
ation.” 
A careful, painstaking man to 
graft Pecan trees at the crown, 
during month of January, Feb¬ 
ruary and March. Here at Ocean 
Springs, Mississippi, it will be 
warm and pleasant. 
address STUART PECAN CO., 
OCEAN SPRINGS, 
MISSISSIPPI. 
!NURSERY STOCKS 
g OF ALL KINDS AND VARIETIES. 
Such as Maples, Alder, Althea, Aucuba, White Birch, Catalpa, 
Honeysuckles, Nuts, Japan Quince, Deutzia, Ash, Broom, 
Walnut, Ligustrum, Philadelphia, Acacia, Currants, Willows, 
® Sambucus, Spirea, Lilacs, Tamarix, Viburnum, Weigelia, and 
all sorts of Fruit Tree Stocks, all 1, 2 and 3 years old or stronger 
GL plants, now offered at very low prices by 
Transon Brothers Nurseries 
BARBIER & GO., SlICCRS., ORLEANS, France. 
For Price List apply to 
KNAUTH, NACHOD &. KUHNE, 13 William St , NEW YORK. 
10 ) 01010 ) 0 ) 
