396 
THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
sary diligence to procure the hardy trees and shrubs of 
the world to be tested under the best cultural skill, and 
studied scientifically, and keep the arboretum open to the 
public every day of the year from sunrise to sunset. On 
such a basis its permanency is guaranteed for all time as 
a thoroughly educational institution. Under the splen¬ 
did leadership of Dr. C. S. Sargent, who has been its 
guiding spirit since 1872. the arboretum has surely sur¬ 
passed the largest visions of its promoters, and has be¬ 
come a world-wide influence in dendrology, arboricul¬ 
ture, and ornamental horticulture. 
Dr. Sargent has been most fortunate in having with 
him throughout his many years of directing energy, 
splendid co-workers in C. E. Faxon, the unexcelled 
botanical draughtsman, a keen botanist and naturalist 
whose skill as an illustrator, is shown in the illustrations 
of the scientific works of the Arnold Arboretum edited 
by Dr. Sargent ; and in Jackson Dawson whose skill as 
a propagator has been unequalled on this continent, and 
although Mr. Dawson is well advanced in years, he is 
still young in spirit, and his hand has not lost its cun¬ 
ning in the pronanation of trees and shrubs that require 
particularly skillful manipulation. 
The Arboretum at the present time occupies two hun¬ 
dred and twentv acres. Its configuration is extremely 
interesting, with valleys and rolling hills, augmented 
with fine natural woodlands, meadows, nonds and 
streams, throughout which convenient roadways and 
walks have been skillfully planned. In connection with 
these natural plantations the numerous genera of the 
hardv trees and shrubs of the North Temperate Zone are 
planted in related groups, and numerous mowed grass 
paths lead to and through all these tree families, and 
everv facility is given for their study, as everv plant is 
plainly labeled. A special collection of hardy shrubs 
near one of the entrances where each s-enus is planted 
together with sufficient space for each individual to show 
its characteristics, and all arranged in gently curving 
lines with grass paths between, is a most enticing place 
for nurserymen. At one side of this arrangement is a 
lush wire trellis where all of the different wild grape 
vines of North America and Asia are planted. This 
gives a plain demonstration of the usefulness and heautv 
of the different species of grape vines for covering per¬ 
golas. arbors, walls, etc. 
While every portion of the Arboretum teems with ed¬ 
ucational interest, the writer has great admiration for 
the roadwav and valley skirted on one side bv the Bussey 
Brook and the Conifer collection, and on the other side 
by the magnificent hemlock woods and Bhododendron 
and Kalmia collections. (The illustration shows the 
Kalmias). 
The influence of the Arnold Arboretum in disseminat¬ 
ing a fondness for the cultivation of hardy trees and 
shrubs, with an appreciation of the natural beauties and 
characteristics of foliage, flowers, fruits, and habits in¬ 
cident to the same, has had a very powerful and far 
reaching effect in North America and Europe, and I sup¬ 
pose today there are many American nurserymen that 
have a very imperfect understanding of the influence 
that the Arnold Arboretum has wielded for good on 
American nursery interests. 
To illustrate this point; perhaps there are not many 
American nurserymen aware that between thirty and 
thirty-five years since the Arnold Arboretum introduced 
Berberis Thunbergii from Japan and sent it into cultiva¬ 
tion. Untold millions of this shrub have been sold in 
American nurseries since that time, and I suppose that it 
is one of the most profitable shrubs that nurserymen 
handle. Berberis Sieboldii is another beautiful bar¬ 
berry introduced by the Arboretum many years since 
although not so well known as the former. 
Four of the most beautiful species of lilacs that have 
been cultivated in American gardens, for a good many 
years, were introduced by the Arboretum. Namely: 
Syringa villosa, S. pubeseens, S. Japonica, and S. Peldn- 
ensis. 
The beautiful flowering cherry. Primus Sargentii, was 
introduced by Dr. Sargent from Japan in 1892, and this 
is destined to be one of the most useful of flowering trees 
introduced to this country from Japan, as it gives promise 
of being serviceable as a street tree, and the most virile 
stock for grafting the numerous showy varieties of Jap¬ 
anese cherries on to. Primus triloba with its wealth of 
double pink flowers, which is now quite frequently seen 
in gardens, was introduced by the Arboretum. 
The beautiful Rhododendron Kaempferi with its lovely 
salmon red flowers at the end of May is one of the gems 
of its genus, and was introduced by Dr. Sargent from 
Japan twenty years since, and there are nurserymen to¬ 
day striving with “might and main” to get all of the 
stock they can of it. The writer saw an immense stock 
of it a few weeks since in the nurseries of B. and J. Far- 
quhar & Go., Dedham, Mass. 
Amongst the crab-apples, Malus Sargentii , M. Zumi, 
M. toringo, M. glaucescens and M. angustifolia are re¬ 
markably beautiful objects, introduced a good many 
years since into American gardens by the Arboretum. 
There are no more beautiful bush honeysuckles in cul¬ 
tivation than Lonicera Morrowii and L. Maackii , and the 
latter is certainly a cynosure among ornamental shrubs, 
and both have been introduced by the Arboretum. 
We must not omit to mention the extraordinary wealth 
in North American hawthorns discovered and introduced 
by Dr. Sargent during the past eighteen years. About 
one thousand species of hawthorns have been described 
in the regions lying between Quebec and Texas, and it 
has been demonstrated that all of these come absolutely 
true from seed, which is a remarkable revelation. For 
hardihood, beauty of flowers in spring, and showy fruit 
in fall, the American hawthorns far surpass any mem¬ 
bers of the same genus from any other parts of the world. 
There are many other beautiful trees and shrubs that 
have been introduced to American gardens many years 
since by the Arnold Arboretum, all of splendid merit, 
that would occupy too much space to be mentioned here. 
What may be termed an epochal event in the history 
of the Arboretum was the arrangement entered into by 
Dr. Sargent with the distinguished Chinese botanist and 
traveler, F. H. Wilson, in the fall of 1906. to undertake 
an expedition into the hinterland of Western China in 
quest of new trees and shrubs. (Mr. Wilson had pre¬ 
viously been in two expeditions in Western China for a 
British nursery firm.) Mr. Wilson made two expedi¬ 
tions into China with phenomenal success, and intro¬ 
duced a wealth of new plant life that was most surpris- 
mg. 
A book in six parts forming two volumes under the 
