THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN. 
63 
York to Northampton. This region contains about 2,300 
acres without special concentration at any one point. Other 
counties are making experiments with young orchards ranging 
from 500 to 1,000 trees. It is a matter of record that there is 
more or less of a failure from winter-killing of blossom buds 
about every four years. Where the trees are planted on high 
ground or mountain slopes less damage results from frosts than 
in valley orchards. Where the wood is not properly matur¬ 
ed the damage is usually great. 
Among the most profitable varieties grown are White Heath 
Cling, Solway, White Heath Freestone, Bilyen’s October, 
Levy’s Late, Crawford’s Early and Late, Mountain Rose, 
Reeve’s Favorite, Moore’s Favorite, Old Mixon Free, Stump 
the World, Chair’s Choice, McAllister, Wonderful, Beer’s 
Smock, and a few others. The above include early and late 
varieties. Avoid clings, as they are not wanted in the market. 
Yellow fleshed peaches are preferred to white, and in setting 
commercial orchards this should be borne in mind. 
OLD CHICAGO NURSERYMEN. 
In an article on “ Gardeners and Gardening in Early 
Chicago ” in the Florists' Exchange is the following reference 
to old Chicago nurserymen : 
“ Of nurseries in the city the only one worthy of note was 
the Sheffield nurseries started in 1846 by Mr. W. B. Ogden and 
Dr. Whitney, John Goode, now of Florida, being manager. 
In 1848 Martin Lewis bought a third interest, and in ten years 
became sole owner. He is eighty-one years old and lives in 
Evanston, a wealthy capitalist. He built a greenhouse in 
1849. In 1866 August Dressel joined him. Mr. Dressel is 
now a successful • florist. Mr. Lewis was an English bred 
gardener. 
“ Of outside nurseries Dr. Kennicott had a noted one at 
West Northfield ; his son Flint is president of the Kennicott 
Company, wholesale florists, on Wabash avenue. Another 
notable nurseryman was Robert Douglas, of Waukegan, who is 
still in the saddle. Out at Naperville was Louis Elsworth, 
still another notable one ; he died a few years ago at a good 
old age. 
SPAULDING NURSERY COMPANY. 
The Springfield, Ill., Monitor, in a recent description of the 
Spaulding Nursery and Orchard Co., said : 
“ Just imagine what a nursery of 600 acres planted in trees, 
vines, bushes, and shade trees means. It means in the first 
place a thorough preparation of the soil for the purpose by a 
small army of men and boys employed ; it means blocks of 
apple orchards covering over 140 acres of ground with over 
6,000 Ben Davis apple trees and over 2,000 of other varieties 
—perhaps fifty in number—including the Wine Saps, Grimes’ 
Golden, etc., all splendid through winter keepers. It means 
ten acres of cherry orchard, of every known variety worth 
raising; ten acres of pear orchard, including the Koonce, 
Kieffer, Garber, etc.; it means two acres of the very choicest 
varieties of peach orchard ; it means a nursery of ten millions 
of young apple, pear, cherry and plum trees, one, two and 
three years old ; it means thousands of quinces, apricots, 
grapes,—blue grapes, black grapes, white grapes and red ; cur¬ 
rants, gooseberries, blackberries, dewberries, raspberries, straw¬ 
berries, mulberries, persimmons, chestnuts—one of the Spauld¬ 
ing pets—butternuts and English walnuts ; it means a nursery 
of ornamental trees of great variety adapted to any climate and 
anj soil; can be selected from this mammoth nursery ; it 
means such an established fact overlooking the banks of the 
beautiful Sangamon river, made historic by the immortal Lin¬ 
coln ; it means forty years of toil, forty years of research ; it 
means the employment and supplying of 400 agents through¬ 
out the lovely states of Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Missouri, Wis¬ 
consin, Minnesota, Michigan, Ohio and Colorado.” 
FAST FRUIT TRAIN SERVICE. 
Negotiations which for some time have been pending, have 
at last resulted in the inauguration of a movement that will 
insure for the fruit season of 1897, a fast fruit train service, 
between Sacramento and Chicago, the proposed time between 
these points being *120 hours, or five days exactly, says the 
California Fruit Grower. There will be no change in freight 
rates, the $1.25 per 100 pounds and 24,000 pounds for the 
minimum carload arrangement still remaining in force. This 
special fast service and scheduled time for which shippers have 
been working during the last two or three years will prove of 
great value to the fruit industry of California. 
COLORADO HORTICULTURAL LAW. 
Colorado’s new horticultural law provides that when thirty- 
five electors in any county, at least one of whom must be the 
owner of at least two acres of orchard, presents to the board 
of county commissioners of that county a petition asking for 
protection to the horticultural interests of the county it shall 
be the duty of the commissioners to appoint a county inspector 
of horticulture. He shall act for one year, drawing pay at $4 
a day for his services and may appoint deputies who shall be 
paid $2 each daily. Before being appointed to office, appli¬ 
cants for inspectors must pass an examination before the pro¬ 
fessor of entomology at the state agricultural college and 
receive license from him showing them to be competent. The 
examining professor shall get $5 for each such examination. 
In assuming his active duties the inspector must first supply 
to every owner or manager of an orchard or vineyard in his 
county a blank form furnished by the state board of horticul¬ 
ture. This blank is to be returned in time to the board of 
horticulture, with answer? made thereon to printed questions 
regarding the health of trees, vines, etc., on the sender’s ground 
and the manner in which the injunctions of the inspectors have 
been complied with. 
In this way the board can keep informed of the presence or 
absence of horticultural pests in every county of the state. 
When shrubs or vines are imported into a county from outside 
its limits they shall be inspected within a period of forty-eight 
hours thereafter. All expense of inspecting trees or vines and 
eradicating pests shall be borne by the owners of the trees or 
vines. Should the owner fail to pay the cost, or not be found, 
the expense of inspection and disinfection shall become a lien 
against the orchard or garden so inspected and treated. The 
inspector may establish quarantine lines and stations wherever 
required in his territory. 
