THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN. 
99 
EDWARD Y. TEAS. 
Edward Y. Teas in connection with his older brother, John 
C. Teas, began the nursery business in Indiana, their native 
state, fifty-five years ago. He has made that his business ever 
since. At that time there were few nurseries of much extent 
in the United States. Ellwanger & Barry at Rochester, N. Y.; 
W. R. Prince and Parsons & Co., Flushing, L. I.; A. H. Ernst, 
Cincinnati; and Mr. Coxe of New Jersey were the principal 
ones now remembered. 
Mr. Teas has made the propagation and introduction of 
choice fruits and ornamentals a life study. He has made 
three trips to Europe, visiting the leading nurseries on the 
other side, and has traveled extensively in the United States. 
He named and introduced the Garber hybrid pear, a close 
second to Keiffer ; Smith’s hybrid pear, a popular variety in 
the South ; introduced the Lucretia dewberry, which has had 
an extensive sale ; originated the President Wilder currant, 
which is of unsurpassed quality ; 
was the first person, in America or 
Europe to catalogue and offer the 
Japan tree lilac, etc. 
Mr. Teas is a charter member, and 
has been state vice-])resident of the 
American Association of Nursery¬ 
men ; charter member and first vice- 
president of the Indiana Horticul¬ 
tural Society. He has now growing 
at Irvington, near Indianapolis, one 
of the largest collections of Gladiolus 
and other bulbs, lilacs, etc., in the 
United States, besides 5,000 paeonies 
and othes hardy herbaceous plants, 
100,000 Loudon raspberries, with 
other leading fruits, large and small. 
has given best crops, and maintained most perfect health, on 
high and relatively dry soil. On the other hand, the Chicka¬ 
saw plums, mainly grown in the Yazoo basin, are indigenous 
to relatively low land in the South, and are not seriously harmed 
by overflows. The same is true of the Americana species on 
our western bottoms, and of some of the types of the plum and 
prune in Europe and Asia. Without shadow of doubt, the 
peach will stand better on overflow lands if budded on the 
Chickasaw stocks. Our experience favors the belief that the 
union of the peach on the Chickasaw and Hortulana stocks is 
as perfect as on the peach, and our budding on these stocks 
has been as uniformly successful. In this line of budding on 
stocks adapted to special soils, we have at this time, a good 
illustration. As a matter of experiment, we budded the Pol¬ 
lock Improved Sand cherry on our native Americana plum 
stocks. These are loaded with perfect fruit, with every leaf 
and twig in perfect health, while those on own roots have no 
perfect fruit, and the foliage and wood are attacked by a fungus 
resembling fire blight. We account 
for this difference by the supposition 
that our richer, moister soils are not 
adapted to the roots of plants from 
higher altitudes with drier, thinner 
soils and a drier air Others in Iowa 
have had the same experience with 
^ the Sand cherry. On own roots it is 
^ nearly or quite fruitless and lacking 
m in health of foliage, while on plum, it 
I perfect in fruit, leaf and twig. In 
Europe, this exact adaptation of 
stock to soil conditions is better 
understood than with us. In North 
Silesia, I asked Dr. Stoll, ‘What stock 
do you consider best for the apple ?’ 
In answer, he gave a list for fully a 
dozen variations of soil and altitude.” 
PEACH STOCK. 
About eight or ten years ago, when 
the Marianna plum was first intro¬ 
duced and found to be comparatively 
free from root-knot, many nursery¬ 
men used it as a stock for peaches, 
says P. J. Berckmans in Rural New 
Yorker. The first year the buds grew 
off very vigorously, and this led to the 
belief that, finally a stock had been found that was proof 
against the root-knot, and large quantities of trees were put 
upon the market. When these trees were planted in per¬ 
manent place in orchard the growth was satisfactory during 
the first year ; but less the second, and but few trees survived 
the third year. Of the many thousands of peach trees budded 
upon plum stocks which were planted within the past six or 
seven years, few are found alive. The deduction is that such 
trees seldom survive the third year, and no nurseryman who 
values his business will propagate these any longer. The 
Marianna stock suits the plum, but is worthless for budding 
peaches upon, and it would be useless to plant peach trees 
budded upon that stock with the expectation of seeing them 
survive the first crop of fruit. 
Professor Budd, Ames, Iowa, says : “ In its natal home, in 
Asia, the peach has thriven for centuries on dry soil in 
a dry climate. Under culture in this country and Europe, it 
MARYLAND PEACHES. 
EDWARD Y. TEAS. 
Berlin, Md., July 13.—J. G. Har¬ 
rison & Sons: “ We are having very 
favorable weather on nursery stock. 
It is showing up good, and prospects 
for sales look promising. The peach 
crop will be light here and on the 
peninsula north of us. A heavy 
June drop is reported. Estimates on peach crop vary con¬ 
siderably from one million to five million baskets. It is likely 
the small estimate is even too high.” 
EUREKA RASPBERRY. 
W. W. Farnsworth, Waterville, O., writes: “Eureka raspberry 
has again more than fulfilled our anticipations. The field 
which last year yielded 57 bushels per acre from one-year-old 
bushes, yielded 100 bushels per acre this year in spite of a 
drought at the most critical period, and the young canes now 
present a remarkably fine appearance.” 
O. W. Blacknall & Son liave begun tlie publication of the Straxc- 
berry Specialist, a monthly paper devoted exclusively to the strawberry. 
The illustrations are hand painted. 
