THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
17-! 
iiig mixtures and is easier to locate in digging in 
early s])ring before tlie tops show. 
It is a false economy not to trans])lant every year, 
a few sorts sncli as Paeonies increase in value when 
left nndistnrbed for a nnmber of years bnt they are 
very few and most of them deteriorate from saleable 
])lants after the first year. The best plant to send 
out is one that has had one full season’s growth from 
the time of transplanting, whether it l)e from seed, 
division or cutting. 
Failure will residt in any attenp^t to bring all 
plants under one method of handling. Each will 
have to have its own character catered to. Take 
foi- instance the Oriental Poi)])y and its many var¬ 
ieties. Sow seed in February and ])rick out in small 
pots which will be ready for the field as soon as 
weather permits or if they be named varieties they 
are grown from root cuttings ])nt in sand in Feb- 
Tiiary, they will lie ready to go ont at the same time. 
They make good growth daring the early S]:)ring 
growing weather, a few will flower, bnt along in the 
hot months of Angnst and September the tops will 
die off, making their appearance again in the late 
fall. 
T1 lese plants may be safely handled in the fall or 
very early s])ring bnt at any other time courts fail- 
nre. They are so long rooted that they are not good 
]n)t subjects. 
In contrast with tliese the German Iris mav be 
«/ 
moved at any time it is ])ossible to dig. The writer 
has made successful plantings when in full flower. 
Some sorts will permit of being dug in the fall and 
stored in a root cellar, while others are impatient of 
l>eing ont of the ground a few hours. 
AVitli snch a, variable range of plants it can be 
readily seen tlmt only l)y stndying the needs of the 
different sorts can a successful department be es¬ 
tablished. 
As in the propagation, cultivation and storage, so 
it is with the i)acking for shipment, special methods 
mnst be followed to insure success. 
It is trne such plants as Paeonies, EululUis, Spir¬ 
aeas and those sorts having heavy roots may be pack¬ 
ed in tight boxes in the same manner as dormant 
shrnbbery bnt many others are so frail and delicate 
that each plant mnst be wrapped separate in ])aper 
and i)acked neither too wet nor too dry. Baskets, 
crates, trays are needed according to the time of year 
and kind of plant. 
COLORS. 
By JAMES MaePHERSON. 
iModern Physicists have eliminated yellow as a 
l)rimary color, on the ground that it is produced by 
a mixture of red and green light. It exists in the 
s])ectrnm seemingly as a ]nire color, bnt in small vol¬ 
ume. In flowers and ])ignients it is in constant evi¬ 
dence. i\Iixed yellow and pnri)le pigments ])rodnce 
various shades of green, bnt no mixture of violet and 
yellow light produces a trace of green. 
The gardener may reckon as i)rimaries Red, Yel¬ 
low, Violet and Green. 
These in varying proportions will i)rodnce in nn- 
ending shades reds, pinks, browns, lilacs, yellows, 
oranges, greens, violets, purples and greens in com¬ 
bination with one or other of these, while if all are 
mixed in pigments they result in white or grey. 
There is considerable difference to be observed 
when using (1) sj^ectrnm colors (2) colored lights 
and (3) flowers in a garden. 
Gardeners are aware of the varying effect of arti- 
fcial illnminants, ])nt none of these require to corres¬ 
pond with the problems with which they are con¬ 
fronted in the gardens, so that it is essential to study 
the fnndamental ])rinciples when it is desired to pres¬ 
ent the best in color effects. 
A good deal of the florist work and planting is 
very i)oor kaleidoscox)ic maybe! Bnt not the kaleid¬ 
oscopic effect of the snn, whose ‘‘fiery red, opening 
on Neptune with fair blessed beams, tnrns into yellow 
gold his salt green streams.” 
The free use of white or grey colors becanse of the 
light they reflect x^owerfnlly influences the apprecia¬ 
tion of the darker reds and x:>urx)les, clearing the eye 
they act as magnifying glasses, and their greater use 
is confidently recommended to the many who p>lant 
“Geraniums” and Bltododciidroiis for instance, whose 
Jight reds are commonly “killed” as gardeners ex- 
X)ress it by the x)roximity of the intense scarlets. 
Anv colors in flowers if too glaring mav be modi- 
fled by mixing them with greys or whites. It is thus 
really that the Dorothy Perkins Rose is 
a x)lea singly modified rambler. Similarly 
a glaring light color may often be ton¬ 
ed down by a mixture of brown or ma¬ 
roon. In large gardens where prox)er si)acing is pos¬ 
sible, the gray-green or russetty-green grass will 
neutralize the color masses. 
To reca])itulate: dark colors may be lightened or 
brightened by mixing lu'oper ]u-oimrtions of neutral 
grays or whites. Glaring bright colors may be ton¬ 
ed down by mixing neutral browns or maroons, etc. 
The whole may be harmonized by amx)le sx)aces of 
green or brown-green grass. 
Everything seems favorable for a good fruit sea- 
aSoii. The fall was a long open one, which allowed the 
wood to become thoroughly ri})ened before the cold 
weather and the extremely late spring has prevented 
the buds from x)ushing and being caught by the late 
frosts. So far we have had no rei)orts of failures of 
Peach crox^s and it is to be hox)ed that the x>resent 
out-look will continue until the fruit matures. 
