254 
THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN. 
SYNOPSIS OF LAWS 
ORIGIN OF THE BALDWIN. 
Relating to Insect Pests and Diseases of Fruit Trees—Regulations 
in States and Territories Regarding the Shipment of Nursery 
Stock—Supplementary to the Compilation by the 
NATIONAL NURSERYMAN. 
The New York Department of Agriculture has issued a pam¬ 
phlet giving a synopsis of laws and regulations of states and 
territories relating to insect pests and diseases of fruit trees. 
This is supplementary to the compilation made by the 
National Nurseryman Publishing Company two years ago, 
in that it includes synopsis of laws adopted since that time. 
Nurserymen desiring to ship stock into Georgia, Maryland, 
Michigan, North Carolina, Montana, New York, or Virginia 
should send to inspectors of those states for copies of the laws 
on the subject. 
Duplicate certificates are required for shipment of stock to 
Georgia, Michigan, Ohio, North Carolina, Virginia. 
Following is a table showing the essential information as to 
each state and territory: 
State. 
Certificates 
Required for 
Entry of 
Stock. 
Inspector. 
Alaska nn law. . 
Special agent, Sitka. 
F. C. Austin, Auburn. 
R. H. Forbes, Tucson. 
E. Walker, Expt. Station. 
Alexander Craw, San Francisco. 
County Inspectors. 
E. H. Jenkins, New Haven. 
Wesley Webb, Dover. 
H. A. Gossard, Lake City. 
W. M. Sco't, Atlanta. 
Alabama, no law. 
Arizona, no law. 
Arkansas, no law. 
California.. 
Yes 
Colorado. 
Connecticut. 
Yes 
Delaware, fumig’n required 
Florida. 
Yes 
Georgia. 
Yes 
Idaho. 
Yes 
Illinois. 
Yes 
Prof. S. A. Forbes, Urbana. 
Prof. James Troop, Lafayette. 
Prof. H. E Summers, Ames. 
Prof. E. A. Popenoe, Manhattan. 
Prof. II. Garmon, Lexington. 
Indiana. 
Yes 
Iowa. 
Yes 
Kansas, no law. 
Kentucky. 
Yes 
Louisiana. 
Yes 
Maine, no law. 
Maryland. 
Yes 
A. L. Quaintance, College Point, 
Dr. C. H. Fernald, Amherst. 
D. W. Trine, Lansing. 
State Entomol’t, St. Anthony Pk. 
Massachusetts. 
Michigan, license fee. 
Yes 
Minnesota, no law. 
Mississippi, no law. 
Missouri. 
Y 7 es 
Geo. B. Ellis, Columbia. 
C. H. Edwards, Missoula. 
Montana. 
Yes 
Nebraska, no law. 
Nevada, no law. 
New Hampshire, no law.. . 
New Mexico, no law. 
New Jersey. . 
Yes 
Dr. J. B. Smith. New Brunswick 
C. A. Wieting, Albany. 
Franklin Sherman, Jr., Raleigh. 
Dr. F. M. Webster, Wooster. 
New York. 
Y 7 es 
North Carolina, license .... 
Ohio. 
Yes 
Yes 
Oklahoma, no law. 
Oregon . 
Yes 
State Bd. Hort., Salem. 
John Hamilton, Harrisburg. 
F. W. Card, Kingston. 
A. P. Anderson, Clemson College 
Prof. D. 0. Saunders, Brookings. 
State Entomologist. 
Pennsylvania . 
Yes 
Rhode Island, no law . 
South Carolina. 
Yes 
South Dakota, no law....... 
Tennessee. 
Yes 
Texas, no law. 
Utah.. 
J. A. Wright, Logan. 
Entomologist, Burlington. 
W. B. Alwood, Blacksburg. 
W. A. Henry, Madison. 
Vermont, no law.. 
Virginia. 
Yes 
Wisconsin. 
Wyoming, no law. 
Yes 
To all who are interested in horticulture in Maryland, the fourteenth 
annual report of the Maryland Experiment Station, issued from College 
Park, will be of special interest. 
Jacob W. Manning, Reading, Mass., contributes the follow¬ 
ing to the Minnesota Horticulturist : 
“About 1790 , Colonel Loammi Baldwin, of Woburn, Mass., 
an eminent civil engineer, while surveying a route for the 
Middlesex canal (the first canal in America), came to a native 
apple tree on the Butters farm, in Wilmington, Mass., the fruit 
of which he believed in. After grafting it into his orchard 
he was free to give the fruit and scions to his many acquaint¬ 
ances. Baldwin’s name for his favorite apple was “ Pecker,” 
after the marks on the bark of the tree made by the wood¬ 
pecker. 
“ Colonel Baldwin was one of the founders of the Middle¬ 
sex Agricultural Society in 1795 , the first of its kind in 
America. The apple became so generally appreciated in 
Baldwin’s day, that at a business meeting of the society, when 
he was present, a vote was taken, that with his consent the 
apple should be renamed the “ Baldwin.” 
“ It is well to designate in enduring granite the locality 
where such superb fruits as the Baldwin and Wealthy apples 
were born, sacred spots or Meccas where interested pilgrims 
may visit and see where good fruits began. 
“ I have guided many persons to the “ Butters’ Row ” in 
Wilmington, Mass., on the Butters’ farm, where the Baldwin 
apple came up, at least one hundred and fifty years ago.” 
• NURSERY CULTURE OF APPLE. 
T. P. Andrews, Faribault, Minn., in an address before the 
Minnesota Horticultural Society, on “Nursery Culture of the 
Apple ” said : 
In view of the fact that apple trees have root-killed four or five 
different winters during the past thirty years it is a good precaution to 
plant the very hardiest seed obtainable. 
Where stocks are grown on a commercial scale, the common apple 
seed has been almost invariably used. Though French crab seed is 
used some it is probably no hardier, if any different, from our common 
apple seed. This year we saved a bushel or such a matter of the seed 
of the Siberian crab, Early Strawberry, Virginia, and some others and 
shall continue to use the Siberian hereafter on account of its hardiness. 
After separating the seed from the pomace it should be planted in 
new, rich, deeply plowed, subsoiled and thoroughly pulverized ground 
in the fall or early spring. If not planted till spring the seed should 
be thoroughly mixed with sand in the fall and remain out during 
winter where it will keep moist and freeze. 
After growing one season, take up and pack away in the cellar in the 
late fall and graft during the winter, care being taken to keep the 
cions, stocks and grafts packed in sand or some material that will keep 
them cool and just moist, until they can be planted out in early spring.. 
To have good healthy apple trees they should be grown on elevated 
land, where the range of temperature is not so great as on low land, 
and on clay loam, where the wood will ripen early in the fall and on 
clay subsoil, that will retain moisture. The ground should be plowed 
deeply and subsoiled in the fall; then in the spring pulverize 
thoroughly to the depth of ten inches or more and plant the grafts six 
or eight inches apart, in rows four feet apart. 
Cultivation should begin as soon as planting is fiuished and repeated 
at least once a week through the growing season, and as much oftener as 
the ground gets in good condition to cultivate after each rain. If very 
shallow surface cultivation is given during the fall, so that the ground 
takes up and retains the fall rains and early melting snows, it will 
probably prove a good protection against root killing—or late crops of 
oats or buckwheat may be grown to cover the ground to protect from 
root-killing. 
The first year there will be no trimming required if all but the 
strongest shoot is rubbed off when they start growth in the spring. 
