THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN. 
65 
NATURAL PEACH SEED. 
Charles Black, of New Jersey, in an article in the Rural 
New Yorker says : 
“After a lifetime’s experience in growing millions of young 
trees from all kinds of seeds and buds, I am satisfied that 
the safest way to produce healthy, reliable trees is to get 
naturals from a section where the peach is healthy and long- 
lived and buds from a young healthy nursery of which you 
have a record of every row in it. It may not be difficult for 
Mr. Hale to get his buds all right from his orchard when he 
has a record, and probably even rows of every variety, but we 
all know that few orchards are set systematically, and one tow 
of trees may contain two or more varieties. It is very easy to 
make a blunder. I have seen much confusion and disease 
from from cutting buds from orchard trees. My experience 
with California seed has not been favorable. It was easy to 
detect the lack of vigor (which I have always noticed in trees 
from budded fruit), compared with the pure natural vigorous 
growth of the Tennessee and North Carolina natural seed. I 
have always used the latter seed when possible, when plentiful, 
buying enough for two seasons, and have never yet detected 
the weakness we are led to believe we might expect from the 
South Carolina scrubs referred to. If they are dwarfed for 
want of food, the have the inherent power to produce strong 
healthy stock for budding. There may not be much yellows 
in Georgia, but still they are not exempt from disease. I he 
rosette is fully as destructive as the yellows. I am satisfied 
that, no matter from what section you procure trees, or what 
conditions you give them, if planted in a diseased section 
they will be diseased. I cannot agree that it is as infectious 
as smallpox ; if so, whole orchard would perish, which is not 
often the case. We find here and there a case, and still the 
orchard will live several years. After many years’ trial of 
seeds from nearly every section of this country, I am satis¬ 
fied that I can get better results from natural seed from 
healthy, long-lived trees and buds from young nursery rows 
than by any other method.” 
FAVORABLE FRUIT SECTIONS. 
A writer in the Grand Rapids, Mich., Press, in an endeavor 
to explain why things grow in Michigan, says: 
“The apple is the most phosphatic of fruits. If grown in 
the irrigation valleys of California, from a natural soil, it is 
pulpy, insipid, flavorless and worthless. T. his is also true of 
the valley-grown peach. Almonds, a phosphatic nut, can be 
produced only in a few localities. Marketable oranges can 
be only produced from soils that are constantly fertilized with 
expensive phosphatic fertilizers; four or five years of bearing 
will exhaust the soil about the orange tree. 1 hose portions of 
New York, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, Indiana and Illinois 
that are in the lake proximity maintain the fertility that pro¬ 
duces finely flavored fruits for a long series of years. I his is 
due to climatic conditions that enable native plants to utilize 
and (by decay) deposit a large store of soil richness. 
“ Mountain districts suited to the production of fruits yield 
a richness in phosphatic quality that is only found elsewhere 
during the first year or two of the fruitage. This is shown in 
the Ozark mountain fruits, whose apple exhibit won the first 
award at the Chicago world’s fail. These and other moun¬ 
tainous districts become the precipitating point for ver) much 
of the fe rtility-laden vapors that have come up from deorgan¬ 
izing substances in the valleys below. The cool air—at higher 
levels—can no longer carry its wealth; and with the mists ard 
rains the ammonia and phosphorus is sure to fall—this time as 
a non-volatile precipitate to be stored in the soil. Where 
large bodies of water act as a cooling agent upon the air the 
same result occurs, provided the prevailing winds do not carry 
the clouds away to the mountains, as in California, where the 
cliff-like heights are not tillable; where mighty timber growths 
alone are possible. The lake regions, especially Michigan and 
the northern counties of Ohio and New York, are favored by 
all natural conditions. 
THE SAN JOSE SCALE SITUATION. 
In an article on the San Jose Scale situation “Country 
Gentleman ” says : 
“We have thus been brought face to face with the third 
problem, namely, that of local control. We all of us have 
come to see that the question hereafter will be that of keeping 
the insect in check in individual orchards. This will depend 
not on legislation, nor on the restriction of the nursery busi¬ 
ness, nor upon any of the proposed methods of extermination, 
but upon such local treatment as the orchardist himself shall 
be able to give. When the San Jose scale once makes his 
appearance, the whole discussion is at once taken out of the 
courts. It is removed from the hands of the nurseryman, 
and is put absolutely and forever into the hands of the 
orchardist.” 
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