392 
THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
The National Nurseryman 
Established 1893 by C. L. Yates. Incorporated 1902 
Published monthly by 
THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN PUBLISHING CO.. Inc. 
218 Livingston Building, Rochester, N. Y. 
Editor.ERNEST HEMMING. Flourtown, Pa^ 
The leading trade journal issued for Growers and Dealers in Nursery Stocks of all kinds 
It circulates throughout the United State s, Canada and Europe. _ 
_ Official Journal of American As s ociation o f Nurserymen _ 
AtVARDED THE GRAND PRIZE AT PARIS EXPOSITION, igoo 
SUBSCRIPTION RATES 
One year, in advance. $i.oo 
Six months.75 
Foreign Subscriptions, in advance. 1.50 
Six months. i.oo 
Advertising rates will be sent upon application. Advertisements should reach 
this office by the 20th of the month previous to the date of issue. 
Payment in advance required for foreign advertisements. Drafts on New York 
or postal orders, instead of checks, are requested by the Business Manager, Rocheste 
N. Y. _ 
Correspondence from all points and articles of interest to nurserymen and horti¬ 
culturists are cordially solicited. 
Address, Editor, Flourtown. Pa. 
STATEMENT OF OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT. CIRCULATION, etc., of 
THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN, published monthly at Rochester, N. Y., as 
required by Act of August 24th, 1912. 
Editor, Ernest Hemming, Flourtown, Penn.; Business Manager, Thomas B. Meehan, 
Dresher, Penn.; Publisher. National Nurseryman Publishing Co., Inc., Rochester, 
N. Y. Owners: Stockholders, Mrs. C. L. Yates, Claverhouse, N. Y.; James Mc- 
Hutchison, New York; Thomas B. Meehan, Dresher, Penn.; Albert F. Meehan, 
Dresher, Penn. No bonds, mortgages, or other securities. 
Thomas B. Meehan, Bus. Mgr. 
Sworn to and subscribed before me this i8th day of September, 1913. 
Victor Paul, Notary Public. 
(My commission expires January 21, 1915.) 
Entered in the Post Office at Rochester, N. Y., as second-class matter. 
Rochester, N. Y., October, 1913^ 
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF NURSERYMEN 
President —^J. B. Pilkington, Portland, Ore.; Vice-President, Henry B. Chase, Cha.se, 
Ala.; Secretary, John Hall, Rochester, N. Y.; Treasurer, Peter''Youngers, 
Geneva, Neb. 
Executive Committee —Thomas B. Meehan, Dresher, Pa.; John H. Dayton, Paines- 
ville, Ohio; P. A. Dix, Roy, Utah; J. B. Pilkington, Portland, Ore., Ex-officio; John 
Hall, Rochester, N. Y., Ex-officio. 
Chairmen of Committees 
Transportation —Chas. M. Sizemore, Louisiana, Mo. 
Tariff —^James McHutchison, New York City 
Legislation East of Mississippi River —Wm. Pitkin, Rochester, N. Y. 
Legislation West of Mississippi River —Peter Youngers, Geneva, Nebr. 
Co-Operation with Entomologists —L. A. Berckmans, Augusta, Ga. 
Program —^John Watson, Newark, N. Y. 
Exhibits— 
Arrangements— 
Publicity and Trade Opportunities —W. P. Stark, Louisiana, Mo.; Jefferson 
Thomas, Harrisburg, Pa.; Orlando Harrison, Berlin, Md.; C. M. Griffing, Jack¬ 
sonville, Fla.; G. C. Roeding, Fresno, Cal.; H. D. Simpson, Vincennes, Ind.; James 
M. Irvine, St. Joseph, Mo. 
Root Knot —E. A. Smith, Lake City, Minn. 
Membership —State Vice-Presidents. 
STATE AND DISTRICT ASSOCIATIONS. 
American Nurserymen’s Protective Association—President, Henry B. Chase, Chase, 
Ala., secretary, Thomas B. Meehan, Dresher, Pa. Meets annually in June. 
American Retail Nurserymen’s Protective Association—President. H. W. Marshall, 
Arlington, Nebraska; secretary, Guy A. Bryant, Princeton, Ill. Meets annually in 
June. 
Association of Oklahoma Nurserymen—President, J. A. Lopeman, Enid, Oklahoma; 
secretary, C. E. Garee, Noble, Oklahoma. 
California Association of Nurserymen — President, Frank H. Wilson, Fresno, Cal. 
Secretary, H. W. Kruckeberg, Los Angeles, Cal. 
Canadian Association of Nurserymen—President, E. D. Smith, Winona; secretary, 
C. C. R. Morden, Niagara Falls, Ont. 
Connecticut Nurserymen’s Association—President T. E. Burroughs, Deep River, 
Conn.; secretary, F. L. Thomas, Manchester, Conn. 
Eastern Association of Nurserymen—President, Wm. C. Barry, Rochester, N. Y.; 
secretary-treasurer, William Pitkin, Rochester, N. Y. Meets annually in January. 
Idaho Nurserymen’s Association—President, Anton Diedricksen, Payette, Idaho; 
secretapr. J. F. Litooy, Boise, Idaho. 
Mississippi Nurserymen’s Association—President, J. R. Woodham, Newton; Vice- 
President, W. A. Woods, Tomnolen; Sec’y-Treas., R. W. Harned, Agr. College. 
National Association of Retail Nurserymen—President, E. S. Osborne, Rochester, 
N. Y.; secretary, F. E. Grover, Rochester, N. Y. 
New York State Nurserymen’s Association—-President, E. S. Osborne, Rochester, N. 
Y.; secretary, John Watson, Newark, N. Y. 
Ohio Nurserymen’s Association—President. W. N. Scarff, New Carlisle, O.; secretary, 
W. B. Cole, Painesville, O. 
Oregon—Washington Association of Nurserymen—President, C. F. Breilhaup, Rich 
land. Wash.; secretary, C. A. Tonneson, Tacoma, Wash. 
Pacific Coast Association of Nurserymen—President, Richard Layritz, Victoria, B. C.; 
secretary-treasurer, C. A. Tonneson, Tacoma, Wash. Meets annually in June. 
Pennsylvania Nurserymen’s Association—President, Abner Hoopes . West Chester, Pa. 
secretary, Henry T. Moon, Morrisville, Pa. 
Southern Nurserymen’s Association—President. J. R. Mayhew, Waxahachie, Texas; 
secretary-treasurer, A. I. Smith. Knoxville, Tenn. 
Tennessee Nurserymen’s Association—President, Chas. Pennington, Rutherford, Tenn. 
secretary, G. M. Bentley, Knoxville, Tenn. 
Texas Nurserymen’s Association—President. C. K. Phillips, Rockdale, Texas; 
secretary-treasurer, J. M. Ramsey, Austin, Texas. 
Western Association of Nurserymen—President, Frank A. Weber. Nursery, Mo.; 
secretary-treasurer, E. J. Holman, Leavenworth, Kan. Meets aimually second 
Wednesday in December. 
Applied to a nursery modem methods are 
MODERN perhaps not so modem in our business as 
METHODS they are in factories and other lines that are 
brought right up to the minute. Yet it 
appears at times as if they were too modem even in nurseries 
in production, storage and distribution in some of the large 
establishments. 
Efficiency in production and distribution has been built 
up at a sacrifice of vigor and quality of stock. 
We cannot get away from the fact that plants are more 
like animals than a manufactured article. They have an 
individuality of their own and if we commercialize them too 
much we lose something. 
A short time ago Antoine Wintzer wrote of the loss of 
vitality in Roses through propagating from forced or weak 
wood and this tendency is very general with all lines of stock 
that are propagated in great quantities. 
High pressure production is not conducive to vigor, disease 
resisting qualities and long life. 
It is the same with plant breeding, what we gain in fineness 
and quality is generally at the expense of vigor and hardiness. 
Nature’s laws are absolute and she will not brook having 
them flouted without exacting a penalty. 
We may think at times we have forced Nature to give us 
more than she is wont by stimulating with manures, artificial 
irrigation, using strong growing stock upon which to graft, 
or growing in warmer or more moist climates than is natural 
to the plant, but as sure as the growth is in excess of what it 
should be, the tissue will be soft and the plants will have lost 
something equal to what they have gained in caliper and 
height. 
vSome will consider a heavy crop of Apples or Pears on a 
six or seven year old orchard a greater success than an orchard 
which will continue bearing for fifty years or more. You are 
hardly likely to get both so it is up to the nurseryman and 
orchardist to choose, but don’t blame the scale, blight, or 
fungus for what is caused by lack of true horticultural 
knowledge. 
Modem methods are splendid methods when applied 
under the laws of Nature, but don’t let us get the idea that 
we can break Mother Nature’s laws without getting spanked. 
WHILE A 
TREE IS OUT 
OF THE 
GROUND 
The main roots of a tree are merely to 
anchor it in the ground and to act as 
carriers to the leaves, in fact they stand 
in relatively the same position as do the 
branches. 
The really essential parts of the root system are the 
fibrils. These correspond to the twigs on the branches. 
On these fibrils are the root hairs which have the power 
to take in the necessary plant food in solution, which is 
carried through the main roots up the cambium layers under 
the bark of the trunk, branches and twigs to the buds and 
leaves, where it is exposed to the action of the sun’s rays and 
is transformed into the building tissues of the plant. 
What happens when we dig our trees ? The root hairs are 
killed by exposure to the air even for a few minutes, the 
fibrils by exposure a few hours and under some conditions the 
