THE NATIONAT. NURSERYMAN 
801 
as \v<‘ll as tlu^ liaa* itsc'lf makiii^^ almost tiv(' (*omj)l('l(‘ 
i’('V()Iiilions, i‘(‘(iiiiriti^ from (‘i^ht to iiimMccMi ycau’s loi’ 
(‘aoli r(‘voliition. Tlu' tii'o was oi^dity-tluaM^ y(‘ars ()1(1, as 
(l<‘t(M'min(Ml by counting tin; aimual rio^s, and llu' I'oi- 
ination of tlio rotbolz (‘(‘ascMl about tw('nty-on(‘ y(‘ars b('- 
loia* lb(' li'oo was cut. wliicli iiK'ans that the trc'o mnsi 
tin'll bav(' assnnu'd a vi'rtioal ])osilion. Wo like to bi'lii'vi' 
tbal this troo forosaw the ^na'al world war and, with tin* 
aid of a ^laoii'r, it bo^an tbo jioonilar gyrations wbicb 
provi'd its titiu'ss for airplane stock. T('n ri',volutions in 
ton si'oonds, wilb lu'ad Ix'iit to tbo kiu'os, at tin' ('iid of 
wbiob tilin' bo must n'snnio an nprij;bt position, is oin' of 
tin' t('sts ^ivi'ii an aviator, but ('Von In' will admit that 
liv(' r('volnlions in a lifi'tinn' is doin^ w('ll for a troo. 
HItOAD-LMWKD lA AT TUK AltNOLI) 
AKHOKIHUM 
Tin' nnmln'r of varii'tios of tln'si' plants wbic'b can In' 
snooossfnlly grown in (‘astern Massa('bns('tts is v('ry 
small, and the botanical ('xiilorations of tbo last qnarb'r 
of a contnry bav(' made only a few additions to tin' list. 
Moia'ovor. it is not probalilo that fnrthor oxjiloration will 
greatly incroaso tito number of these plants wbicb can bo 
grown in this climate, and probably tbo only lioiio of in¬ 
creasing it is in the jirodiiction of now races of hardy 
Uhododendrons. A large jxirtion of the broad-bxived ('ver- 
greens which are hardy in the nortliern states belong to 
the Heath Family and cannot grow in soil impn'gnated 
with lime, so that the number of these plants available 
for the gardens of the middle westisconlined to speci('s of 
only three or four genera. Of the plants introduced from 
China only one or two lihododendrons, four Barberries, 
a Viburnum, and jiossibly a Gaultheria can be kept alive 
here in the open ground, and the permanent valu('- of some 
of them is not yet assunxl. 
FvEHGiiEEN Barheiuues. The four sjiecies of (wergioen 
Barberries which are growing in the Arboretum are 
Ber})eris Jidumae, B. veiTundosa, B. GagneftamH, B. Sar- 
f/etdiana. The last is the least hardy of these four 
jilants and it can be kept alive here only in exceptionally 
sheltered positions, and, judging by our experience w ith 
it in the Arboretum, it wu'll never become a good garden 
jilant in this climate. Of B. .Julimute there are a number 
of plants hero in exposed positions wdiere they have been 
growing for several years and have not suffered from 
heat or cold. It is a tall shrub w ith pale branches and 
spines, thick, dark green leaves, clusters of yellow flow ¬ 
ers andiilue-hlack fruit. The Arboretum plants flow ered 
for the first time last spring and have not yet produced 
fruit. B. Gagnepainii is also a tall shrub, with yellow- 
gray hranchlets, long slender spines and narrow spiny 
leaves. The small flowers are in from three- to eight- 
flowered clusters and are follow^ed by pear-shajied, bluish 
black fruit one-third of an inch long. This Barlierry has 
flowered and fruited iii the Arboretum this year for the 
first time. B. verruridosa is a dwuirf spreading ])laiit 
soiiK'tiiiK's three feet high and broad, w'ith slendei-. si'ini- 
jiemh'iit branches covered w ith many long sh'mh'r spiiu's 
and small, 7’('m()t('ly spiny, toothed h'av('S dark grc'i'ii and 
V('ry lustrous on the upjier surface and silvery wdiite be¬ 
low. Th(' fl()W('rs ar(' pah' yi'llow and solitary oi' in |);iirs. 
and lh(' fruit is about half an inch long and dark vi(d(‘l 
color or m'arly black. This haudsomi' litlh' idaiil flowers 
irri'gularly Ihrough tlu' sumuu'r and ('arly auluii ii and 
has not y(d I’ipi'iK'd its fruit in the .Vrhori'lum. 1 hese 
thr('(' Cdiiu('S(' ('V('rgr('('n Barherrii's an' with tin other 
Chiu('S(' plants on tlu' soulln'i n slopi' of Buss(‘y Mill a here 
llu'y hav(' Ix'en grow ing for thr('(5 or lour yi'ars in ; n ex¬ 
posed position. 
Maiionias, as Barlx'rrii'S with pinnali' h'avi'S ere now 
gi'iu'rally called, an' not V('ry hardy Ik'ii' w ith tin' exci'p- 
tion of th(' Bocky Mountain M. regiens which is a gixxf 
plant in this climate and soon spn'ads by uiuh'iground 
sti'ins into broad clusti'rs. Tin' handsonx'r .)/. 
foliiim, th(' Ori'gon (Irapf' of tin' northw('Sti'in part ol llu' 
country, lives in sh('ll('r('(l positions, hut many ol the 
h'av('s arc: usually injuri'd by llu' cold. M. jiinii/d/i and 
d/. j(i/i()tdr(i g('n('rally liv(' Ix'n' hut cannot Ix' n'coni- 
iiH'mh'd for gi'iK'ral planting. Tlu'yi'an Ix' S('('n on 
Hickory Path near (x'litre Stn'i't. 
ViBUHNUM BHYTiDoi'HYi.LUM . Tliis plant alti'acti'd a 
good deal of attention when it was (irst raisi'd from s('('ds 
('ollected by Wilson in Ghina, hut in ('asti'in Mas¬ 
sachusetts it is hardy only in shelti'n'd positions and 
usually suffers more or h'ss ('V('ry w inter. In llu' n(‘igh- 
horhood of Philadeljihia, how'('V('r, it appi'ais to Ix' p('r- 
fectly hardy and specimens there ar(' already fully l('n 
feet high. It is a large shrub wdth stout en'ct hranclu's 
and tomentose hranchlets, and large dark brown leavi'S 
lustrous and deeply wrinkled on the upper surface, and 
covered below" w ith a thick coat of gray or yellowdsh f('lt. 
The tlowx'rs are in comjiact terminal clusters which ari' 
formed in the autumn and are conspicuous during tin' 
winter, and the fruit is ahout a third of an inch long, at 
first bright red when fully grown and finally black and 
veiy lustrous. 
Kalaiias. The most generally satisfactory broad- 
leaved evergreen wdiich can he grow n in this part of the 
country is the Mountain Laurel iK<dinla lafifolui) w hich 
is one of the handsomest plants of the North American 
llora. There are forms of the Mountain Laurel with 
white, pink and red flowers and tlu'ia^ ar(' sonx' monstrous 
forms wdiich are more curious than heaiilifnl. Two dwarf 
species, Kalmia angustifoUa, the w('ll-known Sh('('|) 
Laurel of northern pastures, and K. ((iroluia from tin' 
southern mountains, although not ofl('n cultivati'd, (h'- 
serve a place in the garden. K. polifolia, or gluara, is 
hardy, hut not (^asy to establish in gardens. Tlu^ Kalmias, 
like the Bhododendrons and all ])lants of tin' ll('alh Fam¬ 
ily, cannot grow" w here then' is lime in the soil. 
Bhododendrons. A large number of the species and 
hybrids of Bluxhxh'ndrons are now" cultivated in Cali¬ 
fornia and in some jiarts of Furope, hut only a few of 
them can he grow n in tlu' open ground in the ('asli'rn 
United States, and tin' r('gi()n heri' w In'ri' any of tlu'se 
jilants lhriv(' is not large, for it is too cold for Bhododen¬ 
drons north of Massacliusetfs and too hot for tlu'in south 
of Penn.sylvania ('X(*('j)t on tin' slopi's of tin' .\ppalachian 
Mountains. Only tlu' spi'cii's of ('asti'rn North .Xnx'rica. 
U. maximuni, B. calau'hiensr, /». rdrolin'unuiin and B. 
minus, and //. Snurnou'ii of tlu' Cam'ausus. B. bruchgcnr- 
pum of the high mountains of Japan, and B. micrunlliuin 
from western and north central China arc perfectly hardy 
