294 
THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
largely been of knowledge gained by practice and ex¬ 
perience. The present book is physiological and gives 
the student the reasons why. 
In other words the expenditure for the government 
experiment stations, the patient work of scientific work¬ 
ers is beginning to bear fruit. 
This work is of incalculable value to the student who 
desires to become a master in his profession and to the 
orchardist who wishes to make the most out of his in¬ 
vestment and labors. 
There are chapters in the book of extreme interest to 
nurserymen especially those dealing with “Propagation 
and Fruit Stock” and “Origin and Improvement of 
Fruit.” 
The Apple Thee 
By L. II. Bailey 
“Black Beauty” the autobiography of a horse made 
thousands of people acquainted with the horse. Pro¬ 
fessor Bailey has written a book “The Apple Tree” that 
makes the apple tree almost talk to us, so intimate and 
human is the approach. 
It is such books that will bridge the gulf of ignorance 
on horticultural matters between the nurseryman and 
his prospective customer and do so much to educate the 
upper members of the organic world about the lower 
ones. 
We cannot help but quote a poem written some time 
ago by the same author which reveals the spirit at the 
back of his work. 
Weather and wind and waning moon, 
Pain and hilltop under the sky, 
Ev’ning, morning and blazing noon, 
Brother of all the world am I. 
The pine tree, linden and the maize, 
The insect, squirrel and the kine, 
All-natively they live their days— 
As they live theirs, so I live mine. 
I know not where, I know not what— 
Believing none and doubting none, 
Whate’er befalls it counteth not, 
Nature and Time and I are one. 
The work is published by the MacMillan Company, 
New York, price <$1.50 and is No. 1 of the Open Country 
Series which we hope will be very numerous. 
STORING SEEDS 
A chapter of insect problems of seedsmen is included 
in a new bulletin on “Insects Infesting Stored Food 
Products” by Dr. Royal N. Chapman, a noted entomolo¬ 
gist of the University of Minnesota. 
Dr. Chapman finds that the temperature and moisture 
conditions of seedhouses are usually favorable to in¬ 
sects. Moisture affects the pests about the same way as 
temperature does. Too much or too little prevents de¬ 
veloping. while ordinary amounts produce the most 
rapid production. The problem before the seedsman, 
therefore, is to keep conditions in a seedhouse favorable 
to seeds, but unfavorable to insects, a temperature be¬ 
low 40 degrees F., making it impossible for insects to 
develop and at the same time not injuring the seed. 
“Beans and peas have been the cause of a great deal 
of trouble to seedsmen and others who keep them in 
storage,” says Mr. Chapman. “The insects often leave 
the germ to be eaten last or avoid it altogether. Conse¬ 
quently while the weevils are common and destructive, 
germination tests of seeds which have been treated as 
soon as the injury was discovered usually make a good 
showing. The seedlings, however, may be backward 
because the nourishment has been lost. In wheat and 
some other seeds the injury may not be apparent from a 
superficial examination, but the germination and not the 
appearance is to be relied upon in determining the ex¬ 
tent of damage caused by insects. 
“The insects which the seedsman has to deal with 
might be divided into two groups according to their 
method of feeding. Those of one group remain in the 
seed until they reach the adult stage, while those of the 
other group go from seed to .seed and may eat only the 
germ. Some of the insects in the first group do not 
emerge until the seed has been planted. They do not in¬ 
crease in numbers while in storage. The pea weevil is 
an example of this kind. While the damage caused by 
these insects is not so noticeable as that caused by some 
others, they are often deceiving. Sometimes they come 
out in the early spring and the seed which they are in 
can be condemned or treated. But very often their pres¬ 
ence is not suspected and the seedsman may sell infest¬ 
ed seed without knowing it and his customer may lose 
his crop as a result. 
“Insects which develop in the seedhouse increase in 
numbers when conditions are favorable, and by going 
from seed to seed cause a great deal of damage which 
is very evident if the seeds are inspected occasionally. 
Bean weevils are an example of insects which pass 
through generation after generation inside the seeds 
while in storage. The indian meal moth is an example 
of those that go from seed to seed eating only the germ.” 
Copies of Dr. Chapman’s new bulletin of 76 pages 
may be obtained free on request to the Office of Publica¬ 
tions, University Farm, St, Paul, Minn. 
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I REMEMBER f 
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| The BEST TREE and SHRUB SEEDS 
1 in most complete assortment 
| have for over 26 years been supplied by 
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| YOUR copy of our TRADE PRICE LIST of TREE I 
| and SHRUB SEEDS is ready for you. ASK FOR IT. I 
| Our pamphlet, “IIow to Make Tree Seeds Grow ” | 
| on request with every order 
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