102 
THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
The National Nurseryman 
Published monthly by 
THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN PUBLISHING CO., Inc- 
218 Livingston Building, Rochester, N. Y. 
President,. THOMAS B. MEEHAN 
Vice-President and Editor, .JOHN CRAIG 
Secretary-Treasurer and Business Manager, ... C. L. YATES 
The only trade journal issued for Growers and Dealers in Nur¬ 
sery Stock of all kinds. It circulates throughout the United 
States, Canada and Europe. 
Official Journal of American Association of Nurserymen. 
AfVARDKD THE GRAND PRIZE AT PARIS EXPOSITION, igoo 
SUBSCRIPTION RATES. 
One .year, in advance,.81.00 
Six months,. .75 
Foreign Subscriptions, in advance.1.50 
Six months,.i.oo 
Advertising rates will be sent upon application. Advertisements should reach 
this office by the 20th of the month previous to the date of issue. 
Payment in advance required for foreign advertisements. Drafts on New 
York or postal orders, instead of checks, are requested by the Business Mana¬ 
ger, Rochester, N. Y. 
Correspondence from all pomts and articles of interest to nurserymen and 
horticulturists are cordially solicited. 
Address, Editor, Ithaca, N. Y. 
Entered in the Post Office at Rochester, as second-class matter. 
Rochester, N. Y., March, 1911. 
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF NURSERYMEN. 
President—W. P. Stark, Louisiana, Mo.; vice president, E. S. Welch, Shenan¬ 
doah, Iowa; secretary, John Hall, Rochester, N. Y; treasurer, C. L. Yates, 
Rochester. N. Y. 
Executive Committee —J. H. Dayton, Painesville, O.; E. M. Sherman, Charles 
City, la.; H. B, Chase, Huntsville, Ala.; Wm. P. Stark, £ 2 :-Q^cjo, Louisiana. 
Mo.; John Hall, Ex-Officio, Sec’y, Rochester, N. Y. 
Chairmen op Committees. 
Transportation —D. ,S. Lake, Shenandoah, la.; Chas. M. Sizemore, Louis¬ 
iana, Mo. 
Tariff —Irving Rouse, Rochester, N' Y. 
Legislation East op Mississippi River—W m. Pitkin, Rochester, N.Y. 
Legislation West of Mississippi River —Peter Youngers, Geneva, Nebr. 
Co-operation with Entomologists—J. W. Hill, Des Moines, la. 
Program —J. H. Dayton, Painesville, O. 
Publicity —Orlando Harrison, Berlin, Md. 
Exhibits —J. W. Schuette, 5600 GravoisAve., St. Louis, Mo. 
Arrangements —John Hall, Rochester, N. Y.; J. H. Dayton, Painesvule, O., 
F. A. Weber, Nursery, Mo. 
Editing Report —John Hall, Rochester, N. Y.; Prof. John Craig, Ithaca, N. Y. 
Entertainment —F. A. Weber, Nursery, Mo. 
Forestry —A. ). Brown, Geneva, Nebr. 
Co-operation with Fruit Growers and Associations —J. M. Irvine, St. 
Joseph, Mo. 
Trade Opportunities —Jefferson Thomas, Harrisburg, Pa. 
Nurserymen’s Share in Civic Improvement—J. Horace McFarland, Harris¬ 
burg, Pa. 
Root-Knot —E. A. Smith. Lake City, Minn. 
Membership— John Watson, Newark, N. Y. 
STATE AND DISTRICT ASSOCIATIONS. 
American Nurserymen’s Protective Association—President, R. C. Berckman 
Augusta, Ga.; secretary, Thomas B. Meehan, Dreshertown, Pa. Meets annually 
in June. 
American Retail Nurserymen’s Protective Association—President, Charles J. Brown, 
Rochester, N. Y.; secretary, Guy A. Bryant, Princeton, Ill. Meets annually in 
June. 
Association of Oklahoma Nurserymen—President, J. A. Lopeman, Enid, Okla. Terr.; 
secretary C. E. Garee, Noble, Okla. Terr. 
Canadian Association of Nurserymen—^President—E. D. Smith, Winona; secretary, 
C. C. R. Morden, Niagara Falls, Ont. 
Connecticut Nurserymen’s Association—President, C. W Atwater, Collinsville, 
Conn. Secretary, John S. Barnes, Yalesville, Conn, 
Eastern Association of Nurserymen—President, Wm. Pitkin, Rochester, N. Y.; 
secretary-treasurer, William Pitkin, Rochester, N. Y. Meets annually in 
January. 
National Association of Retail Nurserymen —President, Wm. Pitkin, Rochester, N. Y. 
secretary, F. E. Grover. Rochester, N. Y. 
National Nurserymen’s Association of Ohio—President, J. W. McNary, Dayton, O. 
secretary, W. B. Cole. Painesville, O. 
Pacific Coast Association of Nurserymen—President, Geo. C. Roeding, Fresno, Cal.; 
secretary-treasurer, C. A. Tonneson, Tacoma, Wash. Meets annually in 
June. 
Pennsylvania Nurserymen’s Association—President, Samuel C. Moon, Pa., secre¬ 
tary, Earl Peters, Mt. Holy Springs, Pa. 
Southern Nurserymen’s Association—President, R C Berckmans, Augusta, Ga. 
secretary-treasurer, A. I. Smith, Knoxville, Tenn. 
Tennessee Nurserymen’s Association—President, A. I. Smith. Knoxville, Tenn.; 
secretary, G. M. Bentley, Knoxville. Tenn. 
Texas Nurserymen’s Association—President—J. B. Baker, Ft. Worth, Texas; 
secretary-treasurer, John S. Kerr, Sherman. Texas. 
Western Association of Nurserymen—President, E. P. Bernardin, Parson, Kans. 
secectary-treasurer, E. J. Holman, Leavenworth, Kan. Meets in July and 
December at Kansas City. 
The evolution of the apple package has 
STANDARD been most interesting and is still in 
APPLE progress. Not so many years ago, the 
PACKAGES barrel was the only package, and the 
barrel was indefinite as to size and form. 
It is not definite at the present time. Nova Scotia has one 
sized barrel, and various states have various other sizes. 
An important epoch occurred in the history of apple 
packages when the growers of the West Coast introduced 
the box package. For several years, this was looked upon 
by Easterners as a mere novelty. However, when the best 
trade of the consuming centers of the East began to be 
monopolized by the western box package men, the view¬ 
point of the Easterner changed. He began to sit up and 
take notice. Prior to that, any attempt to standardize 
grading or adopt packages which would encourage careful 
grading was very emphatically tabooed at fruit growers 
organizations; but when the pocketbook was affected, the 
view point changed. . .. 
Then came the introduction through the efforts of eastern 
men who suddenly became interested in this box package 
matter, of measures regulating the size of the package 
which should prevail throughout the country. It is not 
surprising that the fruit growers of the Northwest Pacific 
and Intermountain region, who have been using a package 
evolved as a result of years of experience, should take 
exception to this action of the beginner. The western 
package does not contain quite a bushel. The eastern men 
on theoretic grounds say that the box should represent one 
of the three units of the barrel. The western growers 
rightly say, “We have established our box package; it 
meets our needs; it is recognized in the market; we desire 
no change.’’ The eastern grower says, “We have erred 
these many years in not using a box package; we see the 
error of our ways; and now, in starting, we wish to begin 
right,’’ forgetting in their virtuous impulse that a move¬ 
ment of this kind may bring injury to the teacher who gave 
them the lesson. 
Is it so very important that in the case of the smaller 
apple packages, we should have them all exactly the same 
size.? Is it not more important that we should know the 
amount of fruit which they contain as designated by pounds 
or by number of specimens, as in the case of the orange 
grower? On the other hand, if the East is insistent upon a 
box which shall contain a bushel of apples, then let us agree 
upon two sizes, one designated eastern box, the other 
designated western box. Each section would then secure 
the supposed advantage which it is contending for. 
More important than the size of the box, in our judg¬ 
ment, is the factor of grading. That we should know what 
we are buying under specified grades is a prime essential. 
What U. S. size A, or U. S. size B, or U. S. standard grade 
mean should be common knowledge, and more than that 
should be universal practice. 
At the outset, when the committee on grading of the 
American Pomological Society proposed United States 
grades, the standard was placed rather low; this for the 
reason that up to that time, the East had made no effort to 
