THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
367 
the same is intended,] (not in House Bill) from a quarantined State or 
Territory or the District of Columbia,, or quarantined portion thereof, 
into or through any other State or Territory or the District of Colum¬ 
bia; and the said Secretary shall give notice of such rules and regula¬ 
tions as hereinbefore provided in this section for the notice of the 
establishment of quarantine. 
Sec. 8 . That whenever in this Act the term “nursery stock’’ is 
used it shall be construed as including field-grown florists’ stock, trees, 
shrubs, (House Bill says “plants”) vines, cuttings, grafts, scions, buds, 
fruit pits, [seeds, or other plants or plant products for propagation, un¬ 
less otherwise provided herein.) (House bill says “or seeds of fruit and 
ornamental trees or shrubs”). 
Sec. 9. That any person, firm, or corporation who shall violate any 
of the provisions of this Act, or who shall forge, counterfeit, alter, deface, 
or destroy any certificate provided for in this Act or in the regulations 
of the vSecretary of Agriculture, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, 
and shall, upon conviction thereof, be punished by a fine not exceeding 
five hundred dollars, or by imprisonment not exceeding one year, or 
both such fine and imprisonment, in the discretion of the court, and it 
shall be the duty of the United States Attorneys diligently to prosecute 
any violations of this Act which are brought to their attention by the 
Secretary of Agriculture or which come to their notice by other means. 
Sec. 10. That there is hereby appropriated, out of the moneys in 
the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, to be expended as the Secre¬ 
tary of Agriculture may direct, for the purposes and objects of this Act, 
the sum of twenty-five thousand dollars, which appropriation shall be¬ 
come available on , nineteen hundred and 
[Sec. II. That this Act shall become and be effective from and 
after the first day of July, nineteen hundred and twelve.) (Not in 
House Bill.) 
NATURE AN EXHIBITOR 
IVIillions of Americans Iiave told themselves for years past 
that some day they intended to visit California. That day 
will probably be for many of them, in 1915, when there will be 
two Panama Expositions in California, an international and 
business event in San Francisco, and a unique, interesting, 
human-interest attraction in San Diego.. Let the men of 
business go north if they will; those who enjoy a pleasant 
climate and entertainment more than the serious side of life 
will hie themselves to the delightful city of San Diego, if 
indeed everyone does not attend both expositions, as they 
really should. It has been promised for the transportation 
lines that unexampled rates will be made for travelers to the 
expositions, and they will have the advantages of seeing 
exhibits grander than any works of man—the Grand Canyon 
of the Colorado, the Yosemite Valley, the Big Trees, and all 
the wonders and delights of that wonderful State, California. 
Nature, it may be said, will be the greatest and most popular 
exhibitor of all those at the exposition. 
INTERESTING LATIN-AMERICA 
The average person in the United States knows very little 
about the lands to the southward—IMexico, Guatemala, 
Nicaragua, Venezuela, Chile, Brazil; twenty republics of 
vast resources and wonderful potentialities. They are popu¬ 
lous, rich, and enterprising, and their great cities compare 
favorably with the best in Europe and the United States of 
North America. Statistics could be given here to show how 
rapidly these countries are progressing in the arts of peace and 
civilization. It is these countries that San Diego invites to 
join with it in making a great exposition in 1915. Congress 
has sanctioned the President to issue the invitation. Brazil 
did not wait for formalities but, through her special com¬ 
missioner, announced her readiness to participate. The other 
nations will doubtless follow the example of Brazil. 
fruit and plant jVotcs 
NEW YORK EXPERIMENT STATION ON CROWN GALL 
Crown Gall, Bacterium tumefaciens Smith & Town. 
In New York, the so-called crown gall or root gall disease is 
common on apple trees as well as on several other woody 
plants. In the mind of the planter the question naturally 
arises, What effect will the galls have on the future growths 
of the trees? During twelve years’ acquaintance with apple 
diseases in New York the writer has never seen or known of a 
well authenticated case in which crown gall has injuriously 
affected apple trees in the orchard. The results of the fol¬ 
lowing two experiments recently reported by the writer tend 
to support the view that crown gall, as it affects the apple, 
is an unimportant disease in New York. “In 1899, C. H. 
Stuart & Co., Newark, N. Y., set out an experimental 
orchard of 500 trees, mostly Baldwins, all affected with crown 
gall. The trees have now been set nine years. Under date 
of January 20, 1908, IVlr. Stuart writes as follows; ‘The 
trees today show as good a growth as the trees planted the 
same time and free from crown gall. The bark is smooth, 
healthy in appearance, and the trees look thrifty and vigor¬ 
ous.’ An experiment made by the Station bears on this 
point. In 1901, we planted twenty-two apple trees affected 
with crown gall, to determine the effect of this disease upon 
the growth of the trees. The trees were three years old. 
The galls varied in size from one to two inches in diameter 
and were located mostly on the tap-root, but in a few cases on 
lateral roots. Some of the trees had several galls each. We 
believe the galls were typical of those commonly found on 
apple trees in New York nurseries. Five of the trees were 
dug in 1903, five in 1905 and the remainder in 1907. In no 
instance was there any evidence that the galls had increased 
in size or number, or that they had been in any way injurious 
to the trees. Probably apple trees bearing large galls should 
be rejected, but unaffected trees from the same lot may be 
planted without fear of bad results.’’—N. Y. Expt. Sta. Bull. 
328. 
CHERRIES RECENTLY ORIGINATED BY MR. 
BURBANK 
Late Napoleon and South Giant are new cherries which Mr. Bur¬ 
bank claims are valuable and has recently sent out from his grounds at 
Santa Rosa. The reports say that Late Napoleon, combining the 
desirable commerical characteristics of the Royal Ann with a later 
ripening season, is very promising, while South Giant averages over an 
inch in diameter, and has the smallest stone of any of the large cherries. 
It appears to surpass the popular black cherries in many of their best 
characteristics. This is probably a seedling of the Early Burbank, 
which proved to be an unusually good early black cherry. 
CALIFORNIA DECIDUOUS FRUITS 
California deciduous fruits brought very low prices in the eastern 
markets during the fore part of September, largely owing to the fact 
that the California season was late, while in the East fruits are ripened 
earlier than usual, caused badly overcrowded markets. Early in the 
season, shippers were paying unusually high prices for pears and 
peaches, so the growers have benefitted largely so far, while some of the 
larger shipping companies will be heavy losers. The outlook for high 
prices on California grapes is not encouraging, as there are large crops in 
the East. 
