43 ° 
THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
“Nursery Conditions and Interests: Alabama,’’ W. F. Heikes; 
Iowa, J. W. Hill; Indiana, H. M. Simpson & Sons; Nebraska, P. 
Youngers; Southwest, Jno. S. Kerr; Kansas, F. W. Watson; 
South Dakota, Geo. H. Whiting; Missouri, J. W. Sehuette; 
Oklahoma, J. A. Lopeman; Montana, Montana Nursery Co.; 
Small Fruit, G. L. Holsinger; Herbaceous, Harrison Bros. 
“How Shall We Entertain the Nurserymen at Denver?” 
.F. A. Weber 
“National Association Exhibit”..E. P. Bemardin 
“The National Meeting at Denver...F. H. Stannard 
Final resolutions. • 
Adjournment. 
Coni, on Program, 
R. J. BAGBY, 
- F. A. WEBER, 
E. J. HOLMAN. 
E. J. HOLMAN, 
Secretary. 
Our Book "Cable 
THE AMERICAN FLORISTS’ DIRECTORY 
The seventeenth annual edition of the Florists’ Directory as 
published by the American Florist Company has appeared and each 
edition shows its proportions materially enlarged. In the present 
edition we have a volume of 546 pages. As usual, it is a compendiun 
of valuable information for the florist, the nurseryman, as well as 
the scientist and teacher. 
Beverages Past and Present by E. R. Emerson. In 2 vols., 
Gklxfl j/, 563 and 514 pp. respectively. G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 
New York City. Price—. 
These volumes give an account of the history of the various 
beverages used by the human race since the beginning of historical 
record. As all such record begins in mythology, we find the opening 
chapter devoted to wine in mythology. The author then traces the 
history of beverages throughout the Orient into Western Europe, 
following the steps of the colonizer to the New World. The volumes 
excel as a compendium of information on this subject. It is in no 
sense philosophic but purely a record of fact. As such, the student 
of the history of civilization and of sociology will find the volumes of 
exceeding interest and much value. This attractively presented 
and excellently printed work forms a valuable contribution to our 
knowledge of the history and economics of beverages. 
Elementary Principles of Agriculture, by Ferguson & Lewis. 
Published by Ferguson Publishing Company, Sherman, Texas, 
1909. 53^x71^, 318 pp. including index. Ulust. Price $1. 
The volume before us is the second edition of this work. The 
matter covered is treated in the following form; First, a general 
discussion of how plants grow, with special reference to the relation 
and function of the soil. Following in logical order is a chapter on 
the parasites which affect plants and the best means of controlling 
them. Another important division of the book is a series of chap¬ 
ters on the animal, its anatomy, nutrition, the products and manu¬ 
facture of these. In a special chapter are treated a number of sub¬ 
jects of special value to nature-study teachers, while in the appendix 
references are given and a considerable amount of technical matter 
offered. 
From the standpoint of the teacher probably the greatest weak¬ 
ness of the book is the amount of technological data offered. Each 
subject is treated from the standpoint of the somewhat advanced 
student rather than that of the beginner. On the other hand the 
book is exceedingly suggestive and will be undoubtedly of great use 
to high school teachers and those interested in secondary education. 
Peter Zuger, for eight years head gardener at Elizabeth 
Park, Hartford, has resigned, and gone into business for him¬ 
self, as florist and landscape gardener, at South Manchester, 
Conn. 
INSECT AND PLANT DISEASE CONTROL 
Fumigation , 
Under all circumstances a nurseryman should be pro¬ 
vided with a convenient and well constructed fumigatorium, 
as every bundle of trees should be fumigated with hydro¬ 
cyanic acid gas. Too much importance cannot be attached 
to this treatment of all stock of deciduous trees, even if there 
is no reason to believe that the stock is affected by any 
insect pest. Extensive experiments conducted by a num¬ 
ber of reliable persons extending over many years has 
demonstrated conclusively that fumigation with hydro¬ 
cyanic acid gas will not injure trees if properly conducted 
and further it is without doubt the most effective preventa¬ 
tive of the distribution of any insect pest. The fumigation' 
of the stock should be one person’s business and he should be 
well trained in its operation. The size of the fumigatorium 
of course depends upon the amount of stock handled. 
Often it is very convenient to have two houses or rooms 
built in the packing house. In this connection, it may be 
added that all nurserymen should have a small fumiga¬ 
torium in the form of a box, in which can be fumigated all 
buds, grafts, seedlings, etc. 
The construction of the large fumigatorium will depend 
on circumstances. Some prefer a house large enough and 
so constructed that a wagon loaded with stock can be driven 
in it and left standing in order that the stock may be fumi¬ 
gated without an additional handling. This form has not 
proved entirely desirable in this state. Others take the \ 
form of a closed room either adjoining or built within the ! 
packing house. No matter what its shape may be, it should ; 
be carefully constructed in order to be practically air-tight, i 
In fumigating nursery stock, the trees should not be ! 
packed tightly in the room as this will prevent a free diffu- J 
sion of the gas. Also a proper location in the fumigatorium 
should be selected to set the jar or jars in which the gas is 
generated. 
Anyone in Maryland anticipating building a 
fumigatorium should consult this Station before doing so, 
as experience in such work affords opportunity for future 
improvements. 
Finally, every precaution should be taken in the packing 
house to prevent the mixing of varieties, especially in get- 
ting up small shipments. All stock should be carefully ! 
scrutinized by expert eyes to detect any unsalable trees from 
passing by. Great care must be exercised in the packing of 
trees in carload lots, to prevent their roots from drying out 
or other injury. Shipments should not be sent out by 
nurserymen during a season when they are likely to arrive 
at their destination under adverse conditions of weather, 
.that is, particularly, during freezing times. For such con¬ 
ditions cause the orchardists much trouble and anxiety. 
It is, of course, to be considered that under the most 
favorable conditions and best regulated business operations, 
mistakes by thoughtless employees will occur. But nur- j 
serymen in particular should employ every means to prevent 
as far as possible any error which will not only reflect upon 
their reputation, but also at times entail severe pecuniary . 
losses by their patrons .—Maryland Agricultural Experi¬ 
ment Station, Bulletin No. tjo. 
