THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
THE MANUFACTURERS’ VIEW POINT 
It is the policy of the National Nurseryman to open its columns for the reasonable discussion of questions of 
interest to plant growers- We are therefore glad to give space to the following statements by manu¬ 
facturers of spray materials and appliances. 
BASIC PRINCIPLES IN SPRAY PUMP MANUFACTURE 
N. S. Hobson of the E. C. Brown Co. 
The development of the agricultural interests in every 
phase brought about by stern competition has necessitated 
not only the nurseryman, the farmer and the orchardist to 
closely study the condition of his crops but has also had a 
far reaching effect on manufacturers of both material and 
devices for assisting him in his work. 
Spraying, which up to quite recent years was almost a 
minus quantity and its benefits were only realized by the 
few, has become now an absolute necessity, and the question 
today is mainly in the selection of first class apparatus and a 
reliable solution, whether as an insecticide or fungicide. 
A machine should develop very high pressure to do the 
work effectively, and, while fineness of spray is advocated, 
this fineness should be sought rather through high pressure 
than from a method of atomizing. The latter, as far as our 
knowledge goes at present, can only be done under low pres¬ 
sure. (There have been experiments for a machine on these 
principles but a very objectionable feature was in a loud 
whistling sound^emitted from the nozzles.) 
There are tremendous opportunities for a traction power 
machine because of its many points of general convenience, 
and a reliable machine of this nature is much sought after 
by the largest orchardists. The principle of applying solu- 
j tions by the application of compressed air as a motive power 
is probably the most practical in vogue at the present time, 
and even on field crop machines, where the pump is con¬ 
stantly in motion, a large air chamber is always desirable 
because it ensures a steady pressure and no variation be¬ 
tween strokes on the pump. 
In operating a traction power machine for orchard work 
a very large air chamber in which to generate the pressure is 
necessary, and this air chamber should be well tested and 
built to withstand high pressure. A common error with 
many people in discussing this style of machine is in the 
supposition that where the pressure is decreasing the work 
is less effective; but it should be borne in mind that the 
pressure when you start in to do your work is exceptionally 
high, and as much as three gallons of solution can be deliver¬ 
ed without reducing the pressure below ioo or no pounds. 
Therefore, the maximum pressure is very high and the 
average pressure is equally as high as in a machine where 
the operation of pumping is constant. Of course, a prime 
consideration in a traction machine is where the drive can 
be gotten with absolutely as little loss in transmission to the 
pump as possible. Every inch of driving ground is very 
necessary to the good working of these machines, and 
where there is no lost motion in the drive and no gear to 
overcome the machine is perfectly practical for the largest 
work and should be able to thoroughly spray the half of a 
tree without ever having occasion to skip any. 
Next to the machine the nozzle is of almost equal im¬ 
portance, and should be capable of throwing a fine, even 
spray without any waste, with the possibility of doing 
damage to the fruit through an overdose of strong chemical 
solution. With the permission of the Editor we show 'a 
small cu of one of our most recent nozzels, the Non Clog 
Atomict which in addition to being adjustable to every 
variety, of spray is also protected from clogging by a remova¬ 
ble wire screen which strains all solution. (See sprays i 
and 2 in cut.) 
(We are indebted to the Editor for this opportunity to 
relate our experiences in spraying apparatus through this 
valuable medium.) 
SPLENDID PROGRESS 
Maloney Brothers & Wells, Dansville, N. \ ., have pur¬ 
chased three acres of land of George A. Sweet, fronting 
Main street and extending back to the D. & M. tracks. W e 
understand that as soon as the frost is out of the ground 
they will erect a cold storage, one hundred feet square, which 
will be built of cement blocks. A modern office will also be 
built facing Main street just below the Readshaw residence. 
The rapid growth of their business for the last few years has 
been such that their present accommodations are wholly 
inadequate. 
