6i8 
THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
PERSONALITIES OF FRUITS, II 
JOHN CRAIG 
In the Garden Magazine 
LIVLAND RASPBERRY 
Here we meet an out and out foreigner. It came to this 
country in 1870 with a large batch of immigrants entrusted 
to the care of the U. S. Department of Agriculture by the 
Director of the Imperial Botanical Gardens of St. Peters¬ 
burg. The consignment proved to be a motley one indeed, 
and among many scores of blanks Livland Raspberry 
proved to be a prize. Though it came to this country from 
Russia it bears the German name Himbeerapfel Livlander, 
and the probability is that Silesia or Poland was its place of 
birth. In common with the great majority of reputed Rus¬ 
sian apples as grown in this country it matures early, in fact 
among the very first of the summer crop. 
The tree is a round topped, vigorous grower, quite hardy 
as far north as the Valley of the St. Lawrence in Quebec, and 
is grown successfully in Northern Ontario. 
The fruit is very handsome, one of the handsomest sum¬ 
mer apples and growers, and for an extremely early apple 
really worth while. I believe it will replace Red June and 
Early Harvest when better known, especially in sections 
where summer apple culture is a profitable industry. The 
apple is of medium size, of regular, roundish form, with 
smooth, tough skin, beautifully covered with bright red 
shading into crimson, thickly veiled with lilac colored bloom. 
Its flesh is sparkling white, often tinged with red near the 
skin, very tender, melting, with a pleasant, mild, sub-acid 
flavor. Livland Raspberry, coming almost as early as 
that earliest of apples, Yellow Transparent, and very much 
better for eating, though not quite as good for cooking, is 
well worthy of cultivation in the home garden, and is an 
apple also to be carefully tested for commercial purposes on 
a large scale. Like most early summer apples the flesh being 
tender, it is not adapted for handling in large packages. It 
is eminently a small package variety, and when placed upon 
the markets in this way it will make a very attractive show¬ 
ing. 
^ CHENANGO 
This is more often called Chenango Strawberry. Its 
name naturally associates it with Chenango county, New 
York, but Madison county offers strong evidence of being its 
birth place. It is a relatively new variety as varieties go, 
having been in cultivation but little more than half a cen¬ 
tury. The personal characteristics of Chenango are exceed¬ 
ingly interesting. 
The tree is characterized by short, stout, sturdy branches 
and by a vigorous, upright type of growth. The tree is not 
one of the largest, yet it attains a very fair size. 
The fruit is peculiar in form in that it suggests the old 
Sheep-Nose variety, but is not so pronounced in its oblong 
conicality as that old dooryard favorite. In addition to its 
conical and oblong form it is often marked with pronounced 
ridges. The color is a clear yellow ground, overlaid with 
lively red in long stripes and occasional large blotches. The 
skin is peculiarly smooth, not oily but suggesting rather a 
highly polished surface. The flesh is white, tender, yet 
crisp and juicy, and one of its distinguishing characteristics 
is the notable aroma and aromatic qualities which become 
very pronounced in eating a specimen. 
Chenango like Jefferis ripens its crop successively, con¬ 
tinuing through September in Central New York. Here is 
an apple that would be much more highly appreciated, like 
some others of its season, if it did not happen to compete 
with the Crawford group of peaches. Chenango is a little 
too mild in flavor to make the best quality of apple sauce. 
It is essentially a table dessert apple. 
Finally, let us say that we should plant Chenango on 
strong, sandy loam, prune to an open head, in order to per¬ 
mit the admission of sunlight, feed the tree liberally, and if 
planted on the heavier grades of sandy loam, handsome 
fruit should be the annual reward. 
FAMEUSE 
In New York and Michigan one hears of the Snow Apple. 
In the Lake Champlain district the Fameuse is spoken of and 
in the province of Quebec you hear the habitant speak of 
LaFameuse, LaBelle Fameuse, and occasionally Pomme de 
Neige. This is by all odds the most widely known of all 
Canadian apples. Its range of proper adaptation, however, 
is much narrower than its reputation. Its intrinsic excel¬ 
lence has been the means of extending its culture outside of 
its natural habitat. 
There are several important points to be kept in mind in 
connection with the culture of this splendid apple. First, 
it is a northern variety. The Upper St. Lawrence, the Lake 
Champlain district, and the North Lake region of Michiagn 
furnish congenial conditions. When grown in regions too 
cool for ripening Dent corn Fameuse attains that quality of 
crispness essential to the development of its highest flavors. 
In Dent com regions its keeping season is short and the 
flavor wanting in briskness. Second, in no section is it a 
first class cooking variety. If used for this purpose it should 
be taken at a somewhat immature stage. 
LaBelle Fameuse, as the French Canadians are proud of 
calling it, may be found practically in every region in the St. 
Lawrence Valley from Kingston to points far below the 
Sauguenay River, practically as far East as apple growing 
prevails. 
A brilliant crimson, the characteristic of the color of this 
apple, is sometimes laid on in stripes and sometimes in 
heavily suffused masses. So clearly differentiated are these 
colors on different trees that people are occasionally of the 
opinion that they represent different varieties. In Central 
