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THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
there will frequently be found, at the point of injury, a hard 
incrustation which is known as Root Gall. This we think is 
largely due to an excessive flow of sap in response to the 
mending processes of nature. The springtime will cause an 
increase of sap to flow and escape from this wound, and in 
nature’s effort to heal it, or check the escape of the sap, a 
hard knotty incrustation is formed. Does Root Gall signify 
disease ? Upon this point the horticultural doctors disagree 
Even as wise a man as Solomon failed to leave a record, stat¬ 
ing whether hard root Gall upon apple trees was more 
injurious to a tree than a wart is to a man’s hand. 
UNWISE AGITATION 
Several years ago our attention was called to Root Gall 
through “scare” reports sent out in the papers and by others 
whom it appears had but little practical knowledge of the 
subject. As we had not observed any serious effects from 
the hard or hairy form of root gall, we paid little or no atten¬ 
tion to the reports, until laws were passed in certain states 
prohibiting the admission of trees showing signs of any form 
of root gall whatever. 
As we believe in finding out about these things for our¬ 
selves, and in practicing what we preach, we commenced a 
series of practical experiments, the results of which we hope 
will prove of value to nurserymen and planters in general. 
THE JEWELL NURSERY EXPERIMENTS 
This report relates only to the haid and hairy forms of 
Root Gall. We know nothing about the soft form of Root 
Gall upon apple trees, and have never experimented with it. 
The record of these practical experiments begins with the 
spring of 1905, when the Jewell Nursery Company, of Lake 
City, Minn., planted several hundred apple trees which had 
the worst Root Gall upon them that could possibly be pro¬ 
cured. The varieties planted were Okabena, Jewell’s 
Winter, Patten’s Greening, Duchess, Wealthy, Longfield, 
Hibernal, Lyman’s Prolific crab and the Hiller crab. 
Some of the trees were planted at a depth of six inches; 
others twelve inches; others eighteen inches. Some were 
planted in soil that had not been previously prepared or 
fertilized; some in soil that had been fertilized with well 
rotted manure; also wood ashes, and some were treated 
anti-septically with a dry preparation consisting of one-half 
pound sulphate of iron, four pounds slaked lime, two 
pounds sodium chloride, one-half pound powdered 
Sulphur, and also by dipping in the same formula dissolved 
in 60 gallons of water. 
There were also planted in with them, trees which had no 
root gall upon them for the purpose of comparing the growth 
and also to ascertain whether hard or hairy root gall was 
really contagious. Some of the trees w r ere planted a foot 
apart in the row, others two feet apart; others three feet 
and the rows were six feet apart. The soil where the plant¬ 
ing was done varied from clayey to sandy and gravelly. 
The ground sloped toward the north so the water could 
wash from one tree to another and thus produce contagion 
if such a condition could be brought about. 
FIRST YEAR’S REPORT 
The trees when originally planted were three years old, 
FELIX and DYKHUIS 
BOSKOOP, HOLLAND 
—ROSES— 
Large stock of Polyantha (Baby) Roses and Climbing 
Roses, either on own roots or grafted on Canina 
A Full Line of Hardy Nursery Stock 
Price List Free 
WHY SPRAY AT ALL 
When the work can be done much easier by applying LAFER INSECTICIDE 
on the soil around the tree, being absorbed by the roots inoculating the 
sap, the scale and insects will be destroyed. Free Pamphlet. Address 
J. W. LAFER, Sta. B„ R. F. D. No. 2, Box 2A. 
Toledo, Ohio 
Notice to the Trade 
Our traveller, Mr. H. G. Benckhuysen will visit you 
shortly, otherwise kindly write to him. Care of MESSRS. 
MALTUS & WARE, 14 Stone St., New York City. 
H. DEN OUDEN & SON 
The Old Farm Nurseries BOSKOOP, HOLLAND 
PEONIES 
Our lists of 100 choice varieties for 1910 have already been 
mailed; did you get your copy? If not, and if interested in 
peonies do not fail to send for one. No finer, more healthy stock 
to be obtained anywhere. Prices right. 
J. F. ROSENFIELD, Peony Specialist 
West Point, Nebraska 
KANSAS CITY NURSERIES 
GEO- H. JOHNSTON, Proprietor 
(Successor to Blair & Kaufman) 
Reliance Building, Kansas City, Mo. 
Offer for SPRING 1910 large stock of Carolina Poplars; Catalpa 
Seedlings; Cal. Privet; Concord Grapes; Currants; Asparagus; and 
a full line of Ornamental Shrubs, Paeonies, etc. 
PEACH SEED 
We now have in stock VIRGINIA NATURAL PEACH SEED 
crop 1908, can fill any size order. 
VIRGINIA NATURAL PEACH SEED CO., 
4th Ave. & Clinton St.. BALTIMORE, MD 
P. OUWERKERK, 
No. 216 Jane St., Weehawken Heights, Hoboken, N. J. 
Rhododendrons, Clematis, H. P. Roses, Hardy Azaleas, 
Paeonies, Magnolias, Box Trees, Fancy Conifers, Hydran¬ 
geas and Shrubs, our specialties at our HOLLAND NUR¬ 
SERIES. Some of the goods on hand here during the 
packing season. 
ALL NURSERYMEN SHOULD BE INTERESTED IN 
COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS 
The American Fertilizer is a fortnightly magazine, devoted exclus¬ 
ively to the fertilizer industry. Sample copy free. 
Subscription and Advertising rates upon application 
THE AMERICAN FERTILIZER 
WARE BROS. COMPANY, PHILADELPHIA 
Publishers PA. 
Publishers of The American Fertilizer Hand-Book 
