684 
THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
The National Nurseryman 
Published monthly by 
THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN PUBLISHING CO., Inc. 
218 Livingston Building, Rochester, N. Y. 
President. THOMAS B. MEEHAN 
Vice-President and Editor, .. JOHN CRAIG 
Secretary-Treasurer and Business Manager, ... C. L. YATES 
The only trade journal issued for Growers and Dealers in Nur¬ 
sery Stock of all kinds. It circulates throughout the United 
States, Canada and Europe. 
Official Journal of American Association of Nurserymen. 
AWARDED THE GRAND PRIZE AT PARIS EXPOSITION, igoo 
SUBSCRIPTION RATES. 
One year, in advance,.#1.00 
Six months,.. . -75 
Foreign Subscriptions, in advance,.' A . 1.50 
Six months,. . 1.00 
Advertis ng rates will be sent upon application. Advertisements should reach 
this office by the 20th of the month previous to the date of issue. 
Payment in advance required for foreign advertisements. Drafts on New 
York or postal orders, instead of checks, are requested by the Business Mana¬ 
ger, Rochester, N. Y. 
Correspondence from all points and articles of interest to nurserymen and 
horticulturists are cordially solicited. 
Address, Editor, Ithaca, N. Y. 
Entered in the Post Office at Rochester, as second-class matter. 
Rochester, N. Y., August, 1910. 
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF NURSERYMEN. 
President—W. P. Stark, Louisiana, Mo.; vice president, E. S. Welch, Shenan 
doah, Iowa; secretary, John Hall, Rochester, N. Y; treasurer, C. L. Yates 
Rochester, N. Y. 
Executive Committee —J. H. Dayton, Painesville, O.; E. M. Sherman, Charles 
City, la.; H. B. Chase, Huntsville, Ala.; Wm. P. Stark, Ex-Officio, Louisiana, 
Mo.; John Hall, Ex-Officio, Sec’y, Rochester, N. Y. 
Chairmen of Committees. 
Transportation —D. S. Lake, Shenandoah, la.; Chas. M. Sizemore, Louis¬ 
iana, Mo. 
Tariff —Irving Rouse, Rochester, N' Y. 
Legislation East of Mississippi River —Wm. Pitkin, Rochester, N.Y. 
Legislation West of Mississippi River —Peter Youngers, Geneva, Nebr. 
Co-operation with Entomologists —J. W. Hill, Des Moines, la. 
Program —J. H. Dayton, Painesville, O. 
Publicity —Orlando Harrison, Berlin, Md. 
Exhibits —J. W. Schuette, 5600 GravoisAve., St. Louis, Mo. 
Arrangements —John Hall, Rochester, N. Y.; J. H. Dayton, Painesvnle O.- 
F. A. Weber, Nursery, Mo. 
Editing Report —John Hall, Rochester, N. Y.; Prof. John Craig, Ithaca, N. Y. 
Entertainment —F. A. Weber, Nursery, Mo. 
Forestry —A. T. Brown, Geneva, Nebr. 
Co-operation with Fruit Growers and Associations —J. M. Irvine, St. 
Joseph, Mo. 
Trade Opportunities —Jefferson Thomas, Harrisburg, Pa. 
Nurserymen’s Share in Civic Improvement —J. Horace McFarland, Harris¬ 
burg, Pa. 
Root-Nut —E. A. Smith, Lake City, Minn. 
Membership —John Watson, Newark, N. Y. 
STATE AND DISTRICT ASSOCIATIONS. 
American Nurserymen’s Protective Association—President, R. C. Berckman, 
Augusta, Ga.; secretary, Thomas B. Meehan, Dreshertown, Pa. Meets annually 
in June. 
American Retail Nurserymen’s Protective Association—President, Charles J. Brown, 
Rochester, N. Y.; secretary, Guy A. Bryant, Princeton, Ill. Meets annually in 
June. 
Association of Oklahoma Nurserymen—President, J. A. Lopeman, Enid, Okla. Terr. • 
secretary C. E. Garee, Noble, Okla. Terr. 
Canadian Association of Nurserymen—President—E. D. Smith, Winona: secretarv 
C. C. R. Morden, Niagara Falls, Ont. 
Connecticut Nurserymen’s Association—President, John S. Barnes, Yaleville- 
secretary, Frank E. Conine, Stratford. 
Eastern Association of Nurserymen—President, W. C. Barry, Rochester, N Y • 
secretary-treasurer, William Pitkin, Rochester, N. Y. Meets annually in 
.January. 
National Association of Retail Nurserymen —President, Wm. Pitkin, Rochester N. Y. 
' secretary, F. E. Grover, Rochester, N. Y. 
National Nurserymen’s Association of Ohio—President, J. W. McNary, Davton O 
secretary, W. B. Cole, Painesville, O. 
Pacific Coast Association of Nurserymen—President, C. Malmo, Seattle, Wasn.- 
secretary-treasurer, C. A. Tonneson, Tacoma, Wash. Meets annually in 
Tune. 
Pennsylvania Nurserymen’s Association—President, Samuel C. Moon. Pa secre¬ 
tary, Earl Peters, Mt. Holy Springs, Pa. 
Southern Nurserymen’s Association—President, R C Berckmans, Augusta Ga 
secretary-treasurer, A. I. Smith, Knoxville, Tenn. 
Tennessee Nurserymen’s Association—President, A. I. Smith, Knoxville Tenn. • 
secretary, G. M Bentley, Knoxville, Tenn. ’ ' ’ 
Texas Nurserymen’s Association—President—T. B. Baker. Ft. Worth Texas- 
secretary-treasurer, John S. Kerr, Sherman, Texas. 
Western Association of Nurserymen—President, E. P. Bernardin, Parson, Kans. 
secectary-treasurer. E. J. Holman, Leavenworth, Kan. Meets in Tulv and 
December at Kansas City. 
Although smudging, a modified form of 
warming the atmosphere, has been 
SMUDGING practiced in French vineyards for a 
PRACTICES number of years, its application to 
American conditions is of comparatively 
recent introduction. It was not until the orchard interests 
of the west slope of the Rockies had become important, and 
not until the annual crops were frequently jeopardized by 
unseasonable frosts; in other words, not until the rewards 
of the season might be wiped out in a single night, that the 
trehardists of this country took up a serious consideration 
of the question of protecting their investment by raising the 
oemperature through artificial means. 
The present status of the practice in the Pacific North¬ 
west is set forth in Farmers’ Bulletin 401, U. S. Department 
of Agriculture. This discusses in an interesting way 
necessary preparation for frost prevention, materials for 
fuel, manner of distributing them in the orchard, together 
with quantity and cost involved in firing a given area. In 
the conclusions, the author says that there is no doubt that 
frost injury may be prevented by the use of fires and 
smudges, and that in the Pacific Northwest, wood and coal 
have proved to be the best fuel. In the Colorado valleys, 
notably the Grand Valley, it may be said that this is not the 
experience, rather, that kerosene, or crude petroleum, is now 
more popular than other forms of fuel. In the Rogue 
River Valley, Ore., it is stated that crops valued at from 
$500 to $1,000 an acre have been saved by a total expen¬ 
diture of not more than $15 to $20 per acre .This sum is very 
much less than certain growers in the Grand Valley of 
Colorado have expended the past season in saving peach 
and apple crops. The toll in that region, where the period 
of frost visitation was three or four days in duration, coming 
at different times, amounted to as much as ten per cent of 
the value of the crop. The whole matter suggests a very 
interesting development in orcharding, and in passing, it 
may be said that the practice will unquestionably not re¬ 
main peculiar and unique to the Rocky Mountain and 
Pacific Coast region, but will be attempted and possibly 
introduced in points farther east, notably the Mississippi 
Valley, where spring frost injury is, by no means, uncom¬ 
mon, and sometimes very destructive. 
The utility—to put it on the lowest basis 
possible—of this habit has been brought 
to mind recently by an accident arising 
out of correspondence with a nurseryman, 
in which one grower surprised another by 
making generous remarks about a third who was an active 
competitor of number one. This might seem to the selfish, 
short-sighted person as poor business. But looking into it 
more carefully the question arises, is not this good policy 
after all? To put honesty on the basis of a policy seems 
like holding a low ideal, but perhaps if one were to begin 
with that point of view he might continue to practice it 
automatically, which in its larger bearing and effect would 
certainly be most desirable. 
The man who knocks a competitor actually lowers him¬ 
self in the secret estimation of his hearers and depreciates 
KNOCKING 
YOUR 
NEIGHBOR 
