THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
696 
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF REFRIGERATION 
The first annual meeting of the American Association of 
Refrigeration was held at Hotel Astor, New York City, 
May 9th and ioth, 1910. Among questions were the 
adoption of a more complete Constitution and By-Laws for 
the Association. Action upon the appointment and organi¬ 
zation of special committees upon whom will devolve the 
work of formulating the special features of the work which 
has been undertaken by the Association, and the election of 
a competent Board of Refrigerating Engineers to have 
charge of the educational work of the Association. 
Questions pertaining to the proposed legislation on Cold 
Storage and other local restrictive measures now pending or 
threatened before the legislatures of the various states and 
of municipal councils, were carefully considered with a view 
of assisting the industries affected. 
Especial arrangements were considered for securing 
adequate American representation at the Second Inter¬ 
national Congress of Refrigeration to be held at Vienna, 
Austria, next October, with particular reference to securing 
the Third Congress for this country. 
CANADA TO HAVE A NATIONAL APPLE SHOW 
In all probability November next will witness the first 
Canadian National Apple Show in Vancouver, B. C. As a 
result of the success which has attended apple shows in the 
United States, particularly that held in Spokane, various 
public bodies in British Columbia are manifesting a keen 
interest in the proposal to establish a like exhibition in 
Vancouver. The newspapers of the province as well as all 
the agricultural bodies interested in fruit culture are endors¬ 
ing it, and the mayor is soon to call a public meeting with 
the object of forming a permanent association. 
The Fernwood Nursery Co. of Stamford, Conn., have 
given up their office and salesroom at 50 W. 30th St., New 
York City. 
NEW JERSEY NURSERYMEN WARNED 
BROWN-TAIL MOTH DANGER 
Caution to Importers of Foreign Nursery Stock 
During the season of 1908 and 1909 brown-tail moths have been 
unusually abundant in continental Europe, and especially in France. 
The winter nests filled with caterpillars, have, therefore, been 
correspondingly numerous and have invaded nurseries and plant¬ 
growing establishments 
During the winter of 1908-09, thousands of these nests arrived 
on nursery stock at the ports of this country, chiefly New York, and 
the most rigid inspection work was needed to prevent the establish¬ 
ment of these pests in New York, New Jersey and other States where 
the insect does not yet occur. An attempt was made, during the 
summer of 1909, to secure the co-operation of the foreign plant 
growers in keeping out infected stock, but so far as France is con¬ 
cerned, with practically no effect. 
Brown-tail nests with living caterpillars have already been found 
this season on plant stock recently received, and all gardeners, 
florists and growers that have ordered stock from abroad are re¬ 
quested to notify Prof. John B. Smith, State Entomologist, New 
Brunswick, New Jersey, that arrangements may be made for its 
inspection on arrival. 
The establishment of this pest in New Jersey would mean even 
heavier loss than that inflicted by the San Jcse Scale, and would 
affect more interests, since it feeds on shade as well as orchard trees. 
The insect is also a direct nuisance to the individual, the poisonous 
hairs of the caterpillar producing the “brown-tail rash,’’ which is 
very painful ard often difficult'to cure. 
Further information can be obtained by addressing Professor 
Smith at the address above given. 
The San Jose Scale and Some Experiments for its Control. 
Georgia State Board of Entomology. Bulletin 31 . 
Some important data have been obtained by the Georgia State 
Board of Entomology from a series of experiments conducted on 
two Georgia orchards with the miscible oils and prepared lime sul¬ 
phur solutions in general use for the control of San Jose Scale. The 
results obtained indicate what may be expected from the sprayings 
at all practical proportions with the materials tested. Each com¬ 
pound had a trial as a fall treatment, as a spring treatment and as a 
double treatment, applied at the proportion fixed by the manufac¬ 
turers and two applications at a greater strength. The concentrated 
lime and sulphur solutions were found to yield quite as good results 
as the best oils. A tree well sprayed with lime and sulphur offers a 
cleaner, brighter and healthier appearance, and besides its insecti¬ 
cidal value lime and sulphur possesses fungicidal properties to a 
much greater degree than is possible to incorporate’in a soluble oil. 
A comparison also made with the home made lime sulphur and the 
prepared solutions showed both equally effective in the eradication 
of the scale, but the home-made goods, carrying a heavier percen¬ 
tage of free lime, eventually cleaned the trees thoroughly of rough 
bark and dead scales. 
Following are some of the materials tested: 
Scalecide (B. G. Pratt Co., 11 Broadway, New York), was ap¬ 
plied at the three strengths, 1 to 15 , 1 to 12 , and 1 to 10 , for the fall, 
spring and double treatments, and yielded results of the highest 
order. It can be relied upon to kill scale when carefully applied. 
Target Brand Emulsion (Horticultural Distributing Co., Mar- 
tinsburg, W. Va.), afforded a striking example of the effectiveness of 
fall sprayings over spring sprayings. 
San-U-Zay (F. G. Street & Co., Rochester, N. Y.), gave praise¬ 
worthy results, aside from the spring application at 1 to 20 which 
was not successful. It ranks well up among the best oil compounds. 
Thomsen Chemical Company’s Orchard Brand Lime and Sulphu 
Solution yielded results of a high order with every treatment, thr 
trees sprayed with this compound being practically free of all scale, 
and showing a healthy, clean bark. 
Grasselli Chemical Company’s Prepared Lime Sulphur Solution 
(Birmingham, Ala.), was very successful. It left only the slightest 
trace of living scale on the trees. This is used extensively in the 
peach orchards of Georgia. 
Calcium carbide is best known to the public as the substance from 
which acetylene gas is produced, to be used spectacularly in the 
lamps of automobiles. Yet from this same calcium carbide the 
chemist is now making a fertilizer called cyanamid; and cyanamid 
contains all the nitrogen that any kind of plant can possibly need. 
If all the natural nitrogenous fertilizers, such as manure, clover, 
and the sodium nitrate of Chile, were to disappear from the face of 
the earth tomorrow, chemistry could supply the deficiency with the 
nitrogen which it has learned to extract from the limitless spaces of 
air. Chemistry has made the atmosphere a nitrogen mine. 
As long as we can get the proper fertilizers into the soil, there is 
no reason why it should lose its fertility. But chemistry is going 
even farther than this. It is beginning to suggest that the produc¬ 
tion of certain kinds of food should be removed altogether from the 
soil and transferred to factories. If indigo, which is a most complex 
substance, can be grown in a factory, why not wheat? If madder, 
why not potatoes ? 
( Munsey's Magazine, March 1910 .) 
