THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
15 
With this knowledge we are prepared for the natural 
corollary, that where enthusiastic fruit growers reside, there 
are equally enterprising nurserymen. We are pleased to 
present in this issue a sketch of one of the pioneers in the 
business of tree and plant growing in Minnesota. This 
company, the Jewell Nursery Company, has occupied a 
prominent place in pomological progress in Minnesota for 
many years. It has grown to be an.enterprise of deservedly 
large influence’in the,fruit growing of the entire Northwest. 
May it live long and prosper, is the wish of thousands of 
its patrons. 
The New York Experiment Station, through its ento¬ 
mologist, Mr. P. J. Parrott, has recently published the re¬ 
sults of a number of experiments to ascertain the effects of 
dipping on the San Jose scale, and also 
the effects of this treatment on the trees 
themselves. Trees were dipped in the 
standard lime-sulphur wash at temp¬ 
eratures of 60, 100, 120 and 212 de¬ 
grees, Fahrenheit. Trees dipped in wash heated to 212 
degrees were entirely free of scale. Bnt of sixty trees with 
roots dipped, fifty-seven were killed. Where tops only 
were dipped, little or no injury was caused. An experi¬ 
ment was tried in comparing fumigation with the dipping 
of trees in various sprays. Sulphur wash, kerosene emul¬ 
sion and scalecide were used. In these experiments fumi¬ 
gation completely destroyed the scale; kerosene emulsion, 
fifteen to twenty per cent.; oil and scalecide, six to ten 
per cent, proved very efficient, but did not entirely prevent 
the breeding of the scale. 
Other experiments, in which the roots of trees were im¬ 
mersed in lime and sulphur from three to ten minutes, had 
the effect of invariably destroying the tree. Roots of trees 
dipped in scalecide were not killed or apparently injured. 
The conclusions reached by the experimenter are that 
“ The dipping of roots of plants in the lime-sulphur wash 
may be attended with injuries. The results on scale by 
this treatment are variable, depending on amount of infesta¬ 
tion, and the extent of the putting of the wash on the trees. 
For dipping purposes kerosene emulsion and miscible oils 
appear to be the more promising sprays. Until circum¬ 
stances and conditions under which they may be satisfac¬ 
torily employed are determined their use should be experi¬ 
mental. Fumigation with hydrocyanic acid gas is the most 
efficient treatment for nursery stock.” 
naming new varieties of fruits and flowering plants we are 
awful sinners. A grower originates a seedling apple or 
peony. He finds it worthy of introduction. Frequently, 
however, he is the only one who holds this opinion. He 
decides to introduce it. He conjures up what is to him a 
suitable name, and baptizes the new creation without fur¬ 
ther ceremony. This is all very well if he doesn’t hit upon 
a name already applied to another variety in the samp class, 
and, unfortunately, this is altogether too frequent an occur¬ 
rence. The discovery of the duplication is not made im¬ 
mediately, perhaps does not appear till the new variety has 
been widely distributed. Then trouble begins. Two nurs¬ 
erymen are propagating different varieties under the same 
name, and the grower is all at sea. 
Now these difficulties might have been avoided in the 
case of an apple, for instance, by consulting Bulletin 56 of 
the Bureau of Plant Industry. This bulletin gives all the 
known names and synonyms of apples. In the case of the 
peony he can consult the check list published by the Depart¬ 
ment of Horticulture of the Cornell University College of 
Agriculture and the American Peony Society. For names 
of ornamental plants, trees and shrubs and the like he may 
consult the American Encyclopedia of Horticulture. If 
precautions of this kind, and these are not difficult, are 
exercised, many mistakes and much confusion may be 
avoided. Happily, nurserymen are giving much more at¬ 
tention in recent years to accuracy of naming and methods 
of classifying their catalogues than formerly. 
President H. M. Jones, of the Western Fruit Jobbers’ 
Association, would, if he had the power, abolish the express 
company from the face of the earth. He says: “They 
perform no service that could not be 
performed by the transportation com¬ 
panies direct, and that the excessive 
earnings that are used to pay dividends 
on stock that represent no investment 
and should go to the carriers who perform the service and be 
used by them to cheapen transportation.” “I would there¬ 
fore,” says Mr. Jones, “recommend that this Association 
shall have prepared and introduced at this session of Con¬ 
gress a bill abolishing the express companies and making it 
the duty of the carrier to perform this class of transportation 
the same as it should perform any other.” [Pleasant moon¬ 
shine, eh?—Editor.] 
DIPPINC 
NURSERY 
STOCK 
ABOLISH 
EXPRESS 
COMPANIES 
We talk glibly about rules of nomenclature, but are they 
really observed with any degree of conscientious effort by 
the nurseryman and florist? We all agree that rules are 
necessary to every phase of our social 
and industrial economy. Without cus¬ 
toms, which usage molds into rules, and 
without laws for the guidance of the 
irresponsible and careless, confusion is 
a mild term for such conditions as would inevitably de¬ 
velop. This we all acknowledge. But in the matter of 
RULES OF 
NOMENCLATURE 
Mr. C. C. Bell, of Boonville, Mo., stated at the recent 
meeting of the Missouri Horticultural Society that six years 
ago he had a number of fine young apple trees badly affected 
with root knot. He was advised by 
scientists to destroy them. Instead of 
NOT AFRAID OF doing this he planted them in orchard. 
APPLE TREES To-day, after six years growth, they 
WITH ROOT KNOT t , , . ut 
are as handsome and healthy as one 
could wish. He considers the proposi¬ 
tion proved and will not hesitate in future to plant or recom¬ 
mend the planting of trees similarly affected. 
