THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
85 
NURSERY STOCK. Fungous Diseases. —1. When first 
leaves appear Bordeaux mixture; 2, 3 etc., repeat 1 at intervals of 
10 to 14 days to keep foliage well covered . Plant-Lice. —Kero¬ 
sene emulsion or whale oil soap 1 lb. to 5 gals, water, apply thorough¬ 
ly. Dip tips. San Jos£ Scale. —Kerosene emulsion in summer. 
Burn, or fumigate with cyanide of potassium. Dip tops in cool lime- 
sulphur. _ See under apple. 
ONION. Blight. —Weak Bordeaux mixture (two-thirds 
strength) every 10 days from time plants are well up till harvest. 
Add sticker to Bordeaux. Thrips.— Kerosene emulsion or whale 
oil soap, 1 lb. in 5 gals, water. Maggot. —See root-maggot under 
cabbage. 
PEACH, NECTARINE, APRICOT. Brown-Rot.—i. Before¬ 
buds swell, copper sulfate solution; (2. Before flowers open, Bor¬ 
deaux mixture); 3. When fruit has set, repeat 2, 4. Repeat after 
10 to 14 days; 5. When fruit is nearly grown, ammoniacal copper 
carbonate; 6, 7, etc.; repeat 5 at intervals of 5 to 7 days if necessary. 
Pick off and destroy diseased fruit in autumn. Black spot spray 
with dilute Bordeaux mixture. Curl-Leaf. —1. Before buds 
swell (March or April) use strong Bordeaux mixture or copper sul¬ 
fate solution. Lime sulfur will also control it. San Jose Scale, 
see apple. Curculio. —See plum. 
PEAR. Blight.— 1. Cut out all 
affected branches and cankered spots 
in fall after leaves drop cutting a little 
below the point where the bark is 
dark or sunken. Dress with paint or 
thick Bordeaux. 2. Cut out when¬ 
ever observed during growing season, 
cutting two feet below apparent 
injury if practicable. All branches 
should be cut 6 to 10 inches below 
point of infection; burn the parts. 
Leaf-Blight or Fruit-Spot. Leaf- 
Spot. —1. Before blossoms open, 
Bordeaux mixture; 2. After blos¬ 
soms have fallen, repeat 1; 3,4, etc., 
repeat 1 at intervals of 2 to 3 weeks 
as appears necessary. Scab. —See 
under apple. Leaf-Blister or 
Blister-Mite. i. Before buds swell 
in spring, kerosene emulsion, diluted 
5 to 7 times. Psylla. —1. When 
blossoms have fallen in spring, kero¬ 
sene emulsion diluted 7 or 8 times, or 
whale-oil soap 1 lb. to 4 or 5 gallons 
of water; 2, 3, etc., at intervals of 2 
to 6 days, repeat 1 until the insects 
are destroyed. Lime-sulfur wash or 
whale oil soap 1 lb. in 1 gal., will 
doubtless kill many old hibernating 
psyllas in winter. Slug —See under 
cherry. San Jose Scale, Codling 
Moth. —See under apple. 
PLUM. Brown-Rot. —See under 
peach. Leaf-Blight. —(1. When 
first leaves have unfolded, Bordeaux 
mixture); 2. When fruit has set, 
Bordeaux mixture (dilute for Japa¬ 
nese plums.) 3, 4, etc., repeat 2 at 
intervals of 2 to 3 weeks, use a clear 
fungicide after fruit is grown. 
Black-Knot.— 1. During first warm pays of early spring, Bordeaux 
mixture; 2. Repeat 1 when buds are swelling; 3. During latter 
part of May, repeat 1; 4. Repeat 1 during middle of June. (5. 
Repeat 1 in July). Cutout knots. Curculio. —Some are successful 
with arsenical sprays, once before blossoming and twice after blos¬ 
soms fall; arsenate of lead and arsenite of lime have been most 
effective; jar the trees after fruit has set, at intervals of 1 to 3 days 
during 2 to 5 weeks. Plum Scale. —-1.. In autumn when leaves 
have fallen, kerosene emulsion, diluted 4 times; (not necessary if 
lime and sulfur is used); 2 and 3 in spring, before buds open repeat 
1. San Jose Scale. —See under apple. 
POTATO. Early Blight. —1. When vines are young, Bor¬ 
deaux mixture; 2 and 3, repeat 1 at intervals of 2 to 3 weeks (only 
partially successful). Late Blight. — 1. When plants are 6 inches 
high, Bordeaux mixture; 2 and 3, at intervals of 1 to 3 weeks, 
repeat 1. Scab. —Soak uncut seed potatoes 1 % hours in solution of 
1 ounce corrosive sublimate in 8 gallons water; or 2 hours in solu¬ 
tion of yi pint formalin in 15 gallons water. Potato-Beetle. — 
When beetles first appear, very strong arsenical spray; 2 and 3, 
repeat 1 when necessary. Flea-Beetle.— Bordeaux mixture and 
Paris green. 
QUINCE. Leaf-Blight or Fruit-Spot. —(1. When blossom 
buds appear, Bordeaux mixture); 2. When fruit has set, repeat 1; 
3, 4. etc., repeat 1 at intervals of two weeks until fruit is grown; 
if later treatments are necessary, ammoniacal copper carbonate. 
Blight. —As for Pear. Curculio. —Jar or spray as for plum curcu¬ 
lio. San Jose Scale.— See under apple. 
RASPBERRY, BLACKBERRY, DEWBERRY. Anthrac- 
nose. —i. Before buds break copper sulfate solution, also cut out 
badly infested canes; 2. When growth has commenced, Bordeaux 
mixture; 3, 4, etc., repeat 2 at intervals of 1 to 3 weeks, avoid stain¬ 
ing fruit by use of clear fungicide. (Partially'successful).—Badly 
infested plantations should be rooted out. Orange-Rust or Yel¬ 
lows. —Remove and destroy affected plants as soon as discovered. 
Saw-Fly. —1. When first leaves have expanded, arsenites; 2. 
After 2 to 3 weeks repeat 1, or apply hellebore. 
ROSE. Black-Spot. —Spray plants once a week with ammonia¬ 
cal copper carbonate. Mildew. —Keep heating pipes painted with 
equal parts lime and sulfur mixed with water to form a thin paste. 
Spray with copper fungicides of potassium sulfide. Under glass 
shake flowers of sulfur over bush. Aphis, Leaf-Hopper. —Kero¬ 
sene emulsion, whale oil soap or tobacco water applied to the insects’ 
bodies at short intervals is effective. Red Spider. —Apply fine 
spray of water to the foliage; keep house as damp as possible without 
injury to plants. 
STRAWBERRY. Leaf-Blight, 
Mildew. —1. When growth begins 
in spring, Bordeaux mixture; 2. 
When first fruits are set- ting repeat 
1; 3. After fruiting, mow leaves on 
damp day and burn. Spray new 
growth and non-bearing plants with 
Bordeaux mixture at intervals of 1 to 
3 weeks. Leaf-Roller. — Spray 
thoroughly after fruit is picked with 
arsenate of lead. 
TOMATO. Leaf-Blight.— 1. 
While plants are in the seed bed, 
Bordeaux mixture, spraying under 
side of leaves. Pick off lower leaves 
as they show disease. 2. When 
plants are set out repeat 1. 3, etc., 
repeat 1 at intervals of 7 to 10 days. 
Rot. —Spray as directed under leaf- 
blight; unsatisfactory in most cases. 
Usually better to secure many pick¬ 
ings by starting the plants early and 
giving the best culture; then if the 
rot comes, some pickings stand a 
chance of escaping. Train the vines. 
FORMULAS. 
Arsenate of Lead. 
Arsenate of Lead. . 4-8 pounds 
Water . 100 gallons 
Arsenate of Lead or “Disparne” 
can be applied stronger than other 
arsenical poisons without injury to 
the foliage; hence it is very useful 
against beetles and similar insects that 
are hard to poison. It also adheres 
to the foliage a long time. Use in 
strength varying from 1 to 4 lbs. to 
50 gals, of water. Ready for use as 
soon as the paste is stirred in the water. 
Paris Green. 
Paris green. 1 pound 
Water . 75-150 gallons 
If this mixture is to be used upon fruit trees 1 pound of quick¬ 
lime should be added. 
Repeated applications will injure most foliage, unless the lime is 
used. Paris green and Bordeaux mixture can be applied together 
with perfect safety. The action of neither is weakened, and the 
Paris green loses its caustic properties. For potato beetles, 2 to 4 
lbs. to 50 gals, is often used. Use at the rate of 4 to 12 ounces of the 
arsenite to 50 gallons of the mixture for leaf eating insects. It is 
sometimes used as strong as 1 lb. to 50 gallons, on apples, but this is 
usually unsafe and generally unnecessary. For insects that chew. 
White Arsenic. 
White arsenic being cheaper and of more constant strength than 
Paris green, is becoming increasingly popular as an insecticide. It 
may be safely used with Bordeaux mixture, or separately if direc¬ 
tions as to its preparation are carefully followed; if, however, these 
are neglected injury to foliage will result. It is unwise to use white 
arsenic without soda or lime. The following methods of preparation 
will be found to be satisfactory. Methods number one and two are 
recommended as the least likely to cause injury. 
At Work on the Trees. 
