THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
L3 
three years, they are set four feet each way and the ground 
cultivated by horse power during the growing season. In a 
couple cf years, the whole soil is shaded, the weeds suppres¬ 
sed, and' the growth of the'tree is, by reason of this close 
planting, directed upwards. As time goes on, the lateral 
branches are pruned off naturally, simply by the shutting 
off of light through the crowding of their fellows. This 
promotes straight, upright stem growth. Of course, under 
rough land conditions, much less uniformity in growth can 
be expected, because of inadequate cultivation, but this may 
be overcome to a considerable degree by handwork once or 
twice during the growing season. Whether locust culture 
would be a profitable undertaking on rough lands in New 
England or New York would be determined to a considerable 
degree by the activity of the locust borer, and also by the 
amount of attention which the planter of the tract would 
give it for the first three or four years. This is the critical 
time in the life of the plantation. After the trees became 
established and he suppressed the grass and weed growth, 
and, provided no serious borer attack occurred, it is alto¬ 
gether likely that land occupied in this way would give a 
larger dividend in fifteen years than by any other farming 
method that might be adopted. 
The National Nurseryman, 
From whom can I get Sargent’s “Manual of Trees of 
North America” ? 
Allen Whited, Ohio. 
Sargent’s “Manual of the Trees of North America, 
exclusive of Mexico,” is published by Houghton, Mifflin & 
Company, Boston. It may be obtained directly from the 
firm, or through any reliable book dealer. This is an excel¬ 
lent hand book. The only criticism which one may properly 
offer is that where certain scientific names have been changed, 
by the author, he has not given the original name as a 
synonym, and the reader is at a loss occasionally to know 
what form the author has reference to. 
fruit and plant jVotcs 
SUNBURST ROSE 
A rose exhibited by Charles H. Totty at the sixth annual 
convention of the National Association of Gardeners at¬ 
tracted much attention. It was a recently imported French 
variety. Sunburst, which has received several certificates of 
merit and a silver medal at exhibitions in this country. 
SEEDLESS APPLES 
A breeze from the Pacific Coast brings the intelligence that 
another seedless apple has appeared in that region. In this 
instance, the seedless specimens appeared on a tree which 
had been annually pruned back by the browsing of live stock. 
The owner is reported at latest advices as having packed his 
specimens in a grip and having started for Luther Burbank. 
He should be advised that Luther Burbank has‘troubles of 
his own. 
THE LOGANBERRY 
The cultivation of this fruit for commercial purposes has 
now passed beyond the experimental stage. Considerable 
breadths have been established in this country, and these 
yield remunerative returns. The fruit is principally used 
for bottling purposes, but by some it is greatly appreciated 
for dessert. For the latter purpose the fruits should be 
allowed to ripen thoroughly on the canes, and need very 
close watching. Land intended for planting with logan¬ 
berries should be deep, even if-strong, and the latter condi¬ 
tion is by no means a drawback. From twenty to th'rty 
loads of manure should be applied , and the land either bastard 
trenched or ploughed and sub-soiled. One-year-old plants 
should, if possible, be planted during the autumn. The 
rows are set eight feet apart, and the plants that distance 
asunder. In spring the canes should be cut back to within a 
few inches of the ground, to encourage the production of 
strong canes. 
After the first year substantial trellises are necessary to 
train the canes to. To form these, drive stout posts into the 
ground at intervals of fifteen feet. They should stand six 
feet out of the ground, and have a length of two or three 
feet driven into the soil. All posts ought to be creosoted 
from the base to a point above the ground line. At intervals 
of every eighty yards extra stout straining posts must be 
erected, and be well strutted. Strong wires should then be 
fixed a foot apart, the upper one being near the top of the 
posts, and the bottom one a foot from the ground. Holes 
may be bored through the posts to carry the wires, or staples 
may be used for the purpose. In either case the wires must 
be left free, to enable them to be tightened from one end. 
Potatoes may with advantage be grown between the rows 
for the first year after planting. When the plants are 
established the growth should be confined to seven canes to 
each plant; one of these can be trained upright to the top 
of the trellis, and the others one to each wire. 
The lowberry and the phenomenal-berry, both darker 
forms of the loganberry, are becoming popular in private 
gardens on account of their fruits being somewhat sweeter. 
—Journal of Horticulture. 
SHORT COURSE IN HORTICULTURE AT CORNELL 
This course was established some five years ago and 
fifteen students were in attendance the first year. The 
number of students has increased regularly each year, until 
at the present time there are sixty-five students enrolled. 
This enrollment includes a number of college graduates. 
Among the colleges represented are Yale, Princeton, Harvard, 
Williams, Amherst, and the University of Michigan. These 
men, in addition to those directly from the fann, are prepar¬ 
ing as rapidly as possible to take hold of some type of horti¬ 
cultural enterprise, either the growing of fruit, the growing 
of vegetables, or the growing of flowers. Special courses in 
vegetable culture and floriculture are also offered at Cornell 
this winter. 
E. S. Sherrill, proprietoi of Wolverine Co-operative Nurseries of 
Michigan, sayst look forward with interest to the coming of The 
National Nurseryman.” 
