THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
57 
This lime wash loosens the scales and breaks their attach¬ 
ment to the twigs. They are washed off by rain and snow¬ 
fall. When trees are sprayed with lime and sulphur in early 
spring, while yet in a dormant condition, the remedy seems 
to be intensified, and any scales which escape the lime wash 
will probably be removed by the lime-sulphur. But the 
lime-sulphur alone does not seem to be effective. 
YIELDS OF 
ing habits, while others of the same variety become marked 
individuals because of sparse bearing habits. The individ¬ 
uality of trees in reference to the quality of the fruit has 
also been noted, and is now the subject of considerable 
comment and discussion. 
Although these general observations have been accepted 
for a good many years, it has been difficult to secure data to 
back them up unequivocally. The report of the Horti¬ 
culturist of the Dominion Experimental Farm for 1911 
contains a considerable amount of conclusive evidence 
on this very topic. Records of the yields of individual 
trees of thirty-six varieties of apples have been kept for over 
twenty years, or practically from the time the trees came 
into bearing. These records present some exceedingly 
interesting figures. In certain cases an individual has been 
persistently unproductive. In other cases another indivi¬ 
dual of the same variety has been consistently productive. 
For instance in two trees of Yellow Transparent, the yield 
records of which cover twenty years, we find that in that 
period one produced 67 bushels of apples, while the other 
produced only 17. In three trees of Duchess, two produced 
practically 100 bushels each, while a third only produced 30 
bushels in a period of twenty years. With Wealthy, one 
tree produced about 75 bushels, while another produced 
just about half that quantity. With McIntosh, there is even 
greater variation. One tree produced 95 bushels, while a 
second produced only 20 bushels during the twenty year 
period of observation. And so it goes with the remainder of 
the trees which were recorded during the period. 
There seems to be no question as to the variability of 
individuals in reference to quantity and quality of product. 
The more important point is whether the distinctive charac¬ 
ters and habits of the individuals will be transmitted when 
propagated by budding or grafting. There does not seem 
to be either unanimity of opinion on this subject, or satis¬ 
factory data to support statements one way or the other. 
At a recent meeting of the New York State Fruit Growers’ 
Association, the Horticulturist of the Geneva Experiment 
Station was inclined to a negative view, and stated that the 
burden of proof lay upon the advocates of the theory, and 
that as yet conclusive evidence was wanting that bearing 
characteristics, quality characteristics, would be trans¬ 
mitted by asexual reproduction. In the meantime, there 
is a large amount of interest in so called pedigreed varieties. 
;i It is unquestionably a good line to follow. Whether it will 
i ^ do all that its advocates claim seems to be an open question. 
INDIVIDUAL 
APPLE TREES 
It is a matter of common observation and 
experience that different trees of the 
same variety of apple may express 
marked variation in their productive¬ 
ness year after year. Certain trees may 
be noted for their free and regular bear- 
REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON GRADING 
NURSERY STOCK 
Parsons, Kansas, Jan. 16, 1912. 
At the last annual meeting of the American Association 
of Nurserymen held at St. Louis, Mo., in June, 1911, a 
motion was passed appointing a committee to agree upon a 
uniform set of grades for fruit trees, to be adopted by the 
Association. The motion went further and required the 
committee to have the same printed in the trade journals at 
least one month prior to the next annual meeting, and in 
compliance with that motion, your committee presents the 
following grades. 
All grades of trees shall be of fair shape, branched, well 
rooted. Caliper to govern and measurements taken two 
inches from the crown or bud, of the following grades: 
Apple: 11-16 in. and up, 5 ft. and up; 5-8 to 11-16 in., 
4 ft. and up; 1-2 to 5-8 in., ft. and up; ^ to in., 3 to 
4 ft., whips included. 
Cherry: in. and up, 4j^ ft. and up; ^ to in., 4 ft. 
and up; to ^ in., 3 ft. and up; ^ to in., 2ft. and up. 
Standard Pear: in. and up, 5 ft. and up; ^ to in., 
4 ft. and up; to ^ in., 3>^ ft. and up; % to in., 3 ft. 
and up. 
Dwarf Pear: in. and up, 3 ft. and up; ^ to in., 
3 ft. and up; to ^ in., 2>^ ft. and up; ^ to in., 2 ft. 
and up. 
Two year Plum: in. and up, 5 ft. and up; ^ to in., 
4 ft. and up; to ^ in., 3>^ ft. and up; % to ^4 in., 3 ft. 
and up. 
One year Peach, Plum and Apricot: 11-16 in. and up, 
5 ft. and up; 9-16 to 11-16 in., 4 ft. and up; 7-16 to 9-16 in., 
3 ft. and up; 5-16 to 7-16 in., 2 ft. and up. 
Some exceptions to the above may be made on such 
varieties as are known to the trade to be light growers, such 
as Yellow Transparent, Duchess apple, Seckel pear, English 
Morello cherry, etc., or from weather conditions affecting 
their growth, but such exceptions shall be noted in the 
printed price list issued by each grower or in their corres¬ 
pondence regarding all sales. 
^We would further say that the grades as named were 
adopted by the Western Association of Nurserymen at their 
meeting held in Kansas City in December, 1911. 
It has been the aim of the committee to adhere to the 
grades generally used by the majority of the nurser}Tnen 
of the Association, and as most of these grades have been a 
standard for years, there should be no trouble in agreeing 
upon its adoption. The main object was to cut the number 
of grades to the minimum and to make enough distinction 
between each grade. 
Respectfully submitted, 
E. P. Bernardin, 
E. S. Welch, 
W. T. Maloney, 
Committee. 
The Mountain View Nursery Co., of Williamsport, Maryland, has 
moved their offices to Potomac Street, Williamsport. This is the main 
street of the city and located immediately on the trolley lines and is 
most accessible to visitors and customers. 
