THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
163 
The labor problem is no easy matter. In the packing 
room about seventy-five men are required at the height of 
the season, while in winter about twenty are kept at work 
making boxes and doing the other necessary labor around 
the plant. The common laborer gets two dollars a day, 
while the expert grafter and budder, kept throughout the 
year, gets fifty cents more per day. 
Although competition has been strong, selling has been 
very close, only one surplus list has been sent out thus far 
and business looks as good as it has all through the last ten 
years. In this connection, Mr. Morey believes that the 
local association has done good work in the trade. It has 
promoted friendship among its members and discouraged 
substitution. Meetings have been held every month during 
the selling season. The state inspection was also praised 
strongly for its good work in keeping the scale out. 
KELLY BROTHERS 
Kelly Brothers are wholesale nurserymen of Dansville, 
and have about 100 acres under cultivation in a general 
assortment of fruit, specializing in apples and peaches. 
The land is part valley and part hill land. The former has 
proven itself to be best for apples and peaches, while the hill 
land has been found most desirable for pears and plums. 
Insect pests and plant diseases are of rare occurrence. 
Of the apples the Baldwin has proven the best seller, 
and of peaches the Elberta is the star, while in plums the 
German prune leads. In cherries the Mahaleb stocks are 
used, not in preference to Mazzards, but because the latter 
is so hard to procure. 
The business during the last years has been very good. 
Fruit has brought large prices to the farmer and he in turn 
has been encouraged to buy nursery stock. Goods were 
sold in carefully graded carload lots last year. The prospects 
for the next year’s business are as bright as they ever have 
been at this time of the year. No damage has as yet been 
done by the very cold weather, and apples and peaches seem 
to be much in demand. 
Kelly Brothers have just completed one of the most 
modem and up-to-date complete storage houses, 80 x 132 feet 
and about 20 feet high. It is built of hollow tiles and brick, 
and because of its three air spaces, is frost proof. It requires 
no artificial heat. It is lighted by electricity, and has running 
water in it. A special feature of the constmction is the 
.ventilating doors at the ends of each alley near the floor. 
These are opened when the weather is not inclement to allow 
thorough ventilation. Not a little of the success the Kellys 
have had in the storing of their stock is attributed to this 
means of ventilation. This storage building is the largest in 
Dansville. 
Part of the space in this storage building is rented, as 
Kelly Brothers have sold very short this fall. It has been of 
great use to them in their packing at that time, enabling 
them to send out their stock in all sorts of weather. A siding 
of the Dansville and Mt. Morris railtoad to the storage house 
greatly facilitates shipping. 
Five men are kept busy in the work room all winter graft¬ 
ing standard varieties on western stock, which have been 
found by experience to be just as good as the French stock 
and particularly free from crown gall. 
When Mr. Kelly was asked whether he believed that 
nurserymen ought to specialize on a few of the standard 
varieties, he said that he believed in not specializing since this 
concentration would lead to an oversupply of certain varieties 
and a consequent fall in the market price. 
FRANK HARTMAN’S NURSERY 
Mr. Hartman of Dansville has 36 acres of land in nurseries 
and specializes in fruit. Similar to a number of other 
Dansville nurserymen, he sells all of his stock at wholesale 
in the fall, which enables him to dispense with storage houses 
during the winter months. 
A work house is, however, maintained during the winter, 
and in this four men are continually engaged in grafting a 
varied assortment of apple varieties on western stocks, 
which he finds to be particularly good. The finished grafts 
are stored in a cold cellar until the spring, in closely nailed 
boxes, filled with pine sawdust. This is said to have a healing 
effect on the grafts, allowing callusing to go on. The favorite 
apple is the Baldwin and more of this variety is sold than any 
other. 
C. W. HARTMAN’S ESTABLISHMENT 
Mr. Hartman’s nursery is situated some miles out from 
Dansville, and consists of about 50 acres under cultivation. 
Fmits are his specialty, with cherries, pears, plums, quinces 
grown in this descending order. 
No storage facilities are necessary, as most of the stock is 
generally sold at wholesale in the fall. Everything was 
disposed of this last year, and the prospects for the coming 
season look just as good. 
Of the pears the Kieffer, the Bartlett, and the Anjou 
are the most popular. In apples the standard varieties are 
supplied, while in cherries the general varieties grown on 
Mahaleb stock are for sale. 
Mr. Hartman reports little injury from insect pests or. 
plant diseases. Slight attacks of crown gall and some 
black aphis on cherries were noted. Spraying is practiced 
as a prevention against leaf blight, but there has been little 
injury on account of it. 
' JACOB UHL, A PIONEER 
Jacob Uhl is one of the oldest nurserymen in the business 
in Dansville, and with the exception of four years’ service in 
the Civil War has been continuously engaged in it ever since 
he can remember—a veteran in two senses of the word. 
Mr. Uhl has built up a wholesale trade in fruits, and makes 
apples his specialty. The red varieties are sold in the East, 
while few are disposed of in the West, owing to the strong 
competition of the western nurseries. Owing to close sales 
in the fall, no storage facilities are needed. 
The stock used for apples is French stock, bought from 
the New York agents of French firms. Five men are kept 
at work during the winter, trimming, bundling, and storing 
the French stock. Only the best, heaviest stock is secured 
from across the water, and this is the most economic method 
in the end; for some of the side roots of these stocks can be 
saved, grafted, and will do well. After the stocks are 
trimmed, they are stored in sand and taken out in the spring, 
to be planted and later budded in the field. 
