THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
299 
matters should begin at least sixty days before the shipping 
season opens. 
Grades and Grading 
“I recommend that the members of this association 
make continued effort to keep grades up to the standard 
adopted by our association at the San Jose meeting. 
“Grades should be the same each year. Should the 
season be unfavorable the nurseryman should not lower 
his grades, rather make fewer number one and maintain a 
standard grade. The trade should understand that number 
one always means one and these should be all of the same 
caliper or height each year. 
Replacing 
“This word should be obliterated from the nurseryman’s 
vocabulary.’’ 
Owing to the unavoidable absence of Dr. John A. Widtsoe, 
president of the Agricultural College of Utah, Logan, Utah, 
his paper ‘The Nurseryman’s Opportunity’ was read by 
Prof. J. C. Hook. Dr Widtsoe prophesied that ultimately 
the center of population in the United States would not be 
very far from Salt Lake. 
The founders of Utah advised immigrants to follow 
agriculture rather than mining; discussed dry farming: 
stated the belief that the time is coming when the Pacific 
slope will lead in fruit production. The horticultural 
future rests with the nurseryman. He should be the chief 
adviser of his customers. The nurseryman should be in 
close touch with the teachers in the state and United States 
stations. Of all men in the West the nurseryman should be 
noted for the most rigid honesty in the shipping and billing 
of stock. 
In conclusion, the Doctor expressed himself as proud 
of our nurserymen. 
F. H. Wilson of Fresno discussed the same topic and 
stated the time is rapidly coming when the honor, integrity, 
and honesty of the nurserymen shall be above question. 
The nurseryman should be the guide, the friend and adviser 
of the planter; should guide in the selection of varieties 
and should advise planters as to suitable soils and favorable 
conditions. 
Fred T. Howard of Los Angeles, California, read a very 
interesting paper discussing the most desirable as well as 
some of the newer varieties of roses, and detailed their 
methods of propagation. The gentleman also presented 
samples illustrating his methods of propagation, indicating 
the possibility of securing an excellent root system. 
It was voted that the next convention should be held at 
Portland, Oregon, and Albert Brownell of Portland, Oregon, 
was elected president. 
At the election of officers a vice-president was named 
for each state represented. Those elected were B. H. Bower 
for Utah; Fred T. Howard for California; H. A. Lewis, 
Oregon; Charles T. Hawkes, Idaho; C. F. Breithaupt, 
Washington; Byron Smith, Arizona; D. J. Tighe, Montana; 
Richard Layritz, Victoria, B. C. 
C. A. Tonneson of Tacoma, Washington, was re-elected 
secretary-treasurer by unanimous vote. The following 
were chosen to comprise the executive committee: George 
C. Roeding, Fresno, California; M. McDonald, Orenco, 
Oregon; and M. B. Sowles of Salt Lake City. A committee 
comprising President A. Brownell, George C. Roeding and 
past President P. A. Dix was appointed to conduct the 
experiments and advisory work. 
Thursday afternoon the nurserymen took a trip in a 
special train to the copper mines above Bingham. Fifteen 
thousand tons of ore are daily mined, conveyed to the reduc¬ 
tion works and finally to the smelters at Garfield. The mine 
is a mountain mass of ore containing one and seven-eighths 
per cent of copper. A car load of high explosives is used 
daily. The cars are loaded by steam shovels. 
To enable a large number of men to work and many 
cars to be loaded at the same time, tracks one above another 
are cut into the face of the precipitous mountain. This is 
regarded as the largest mining enterprise in the country. 
The cost of producing the copper ore is about eight cents 
a pound, while it is worth in market from twelve to fourteen 
cents. 
Friday morning some twenty-five nurserymen accepted 
the invitation of the Davis County Nurseries to visit their 
plant at Roy, Utah, eight miles from Ogden. These gentle¬ 
men are cultivating something more than five hundred acres 
of excellent land, and have a very complete equipment of 
buildings suited to their work. 
The nurserymen were very pleasantly entertained, sup¬ 
plied with an excellent dinner, and sent forward in their 
respective ways on the afternoon trains. The dinner and 
the opportunity to inspect these nurseries was very greatly 
enjoyed by such nurserymen as could take time to avail 
themselves of this very pleasant trip. 
E. F. Stephens, 
Nampa, Idaho. 
THE FRUIT CROP IN NEW YORK 
Mr. E. C. Gillett, Secretary of the New York State Fruit 
Growers’ Association, has sent out a circular under date of 
July I, giving estimates of the fruit crop in the state for 
the present year. Apples form the largest crop with most 
members of the Association, and of these it appears that 
there will be a large crop in Western New York and a rather 
light yield in the eastern part of the state. The percentage 
of an average crop of winter apples is estimated at seventy, 
eight per cent higher than last year at this time. Five 
counties of Central-Western New York, Ontario, Seneca, 
Yates, Genesee, and Wyoming, average eighty-three per 
cent. 
In pears the estimate is thirty-four per cent, with not 
much' variation in different parts of the state. Seckels are 
very scarce, while Kieffer and Dutchess will be plenty. 
Chautauqua shows only half the usual crop of grapes, but 
several other counties give a more promising estimate. 
Brief notes from other states are included in the report. 
Good apple crops are promised in Missouri, Michigan, 
Virginia, West Virginia, and Delaware. In some parts of 
Pennsylvania growers look for a good crop of apples, though 
in many parts cold, wet weather during the blooming period 
was disastrous to fruit prospects. 
