78 
THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
MIUIH(L\N ASSOCIATION OF NUHSEUYMKN 
TIk' annual nKM'iin^ ol tha Micliigan Associalion oi' 
nrs('rynirn ^^as lit'ld in lloilicultuial Hall, at the State 
Agrienitural (h)ll(‘ge. Fast Lansing, Miehigan. February 
7th. There was a large attendance', every branch of the 
nurse'iy industry and every section of the state being 
i'e|)resented. The morning session was opened by Presi¬ 
dent H. J. Menalian. of Detroit, wlio introduced Prof. L. 
It. Taft. Chief Hortieultnralist, who spoke very instruc¬ 
tively and interestingly on “Nursery Inspection and 
Ouarantines.” The afternoon session was addressed by 
Prof. Loree. who spoke on “Itaspber ry D iseases That Are 
Spread by Nursery Stock.” and by Prof. Bradford, who 
spoke on “Recent Exi)eriinent Station Work of Interest 
to Nurserymen.” Tlie live discussions which followed 
all addresses brought out the outstanding belief in the 
need for closer co-operation between nurserymen and 
planter and the Department of Agriculture. 
The report of the treasurer show^ed the association to 
be in a healthy financial condition. It w^as voted to 
amend the by-laws, to reduce the annual dues to -$5.00 
per year, and to begin an active membership campaign 
to get every responsible nurseryman in Michigan, hold¬ 
ing a grower’s license, to join the association. The fol¬ 
lowing officers w^ere elected: President. B. J. Manahan, 
Detroit; vice president, Wm. Ilgenfritz, Monroe; secre¬ 
tary-treasurer, C. A. Krill, Kalamazoo. The Executive 
Committee consists of the officers and E. G. Greening. 
Monroe; Geo. A. Hawley, Hart; B. J. Coryell, Birming¬ 
ham, and A. L. Watson, Grand Bapids. 
THE SCALE MENACE 
The San Jose scale is on the increase in New York orchards, 
particularly in the apple plantings of the Hudson River Val¬ 
ley and in western New York, because the fruit growers have 
been led to neglect the pest thru a false sense of security with 
the result that it has been making slow but steady gains, par¬ 
ticularly in old orchards. This is the gist of a statement made 
recently by the entomologist at the New York State Agricul¬ 
tural Experiment Station who has observed the increasing 
prevalence of scale in all parts of the State, but especially in 
these two regions, during the past two years. In orchards 
visited at harvest time in 1923, apples spotted by scale were 
very much in evidence, while many old orchards were actually 
“lousy” with the insects, says this authority. 
“San Jose scale can be held in checK by the regular applica¬ 
tion of lime-sulfur at the dormant strength of 1 to 8 applied 
just as the buds begin to swell, but many growers have been 
inclined in recent years to neglect this spray, with the result 
that scale is again a serious pest of New York apple orchards.” 
says the Station entomologist, “Unless scale is extremely bad, 
lime-sulfur is to be preferred to any other spray material, but 
in old orchards where scale has has become well established 
treatment for one or two years with a home-made oil emulsion 
containing paraffin oil or red engine oil or with one of the lead¬ 
ing brands of commercial miscible oils is desirable. Lime- 
sulfur has the advantage tho of being a good fungicide as well 
as an insecticide and helps check scab as well as scale. 
“Growers would do well to mark for special treatment all 
trees found to be heavily infested with scale as they go thru 
the orchard in their pruning.” 
“Doesn’t that mule ever kick you?” 
“No, suh, he ain’t yet, but he frequently kicks where ah re¬ 
cently was.” 
TRIAL SHIPMENT OF CANADIAN PEACHES TO 
ENGLAND 
According’ to the' Canadian Ilorticultiirisl llie' linancial 
statements have he'cn made up in regard to the costs 
and returns oi tlie two ears of peaches that were shipped 
from the Niagara district of Canada to England last lall. 
The shipment was exjierimental in nature to test out 
the possibility of shi|)ping peaches such a distance and 
finding out if there would be a market for tbem. 
According to the financial statement, both ears show a 
slight loss. The cost of the iirst car was -^^1.392.78, in¬ 
cluding the peaches, valued at 75c ])sr basket. Proceeds 
were .$1,400.82, plus packing. The second car showed 
costs of $1,619.56, with the receipts of $1,602.98. 
The fruit arrived in good condition, but were dry and 
lacking in flavor. Tliey were not well received on tbe 
English market as the quality was not high enough to 
compete with the European fruit. The wdiite ffesh varie¬ 
ties are the more popular in England; they do not con¬ 
sider the yellow ffesh peaches, such as the Elberta. as a 
dessert peach. 
The net results of the trial shipment has been to con¬ 
firm the views previously held in many quarters—that 
there is no prospect of developing a commercial demand 
in the United Kingdom for Ontario peaches. 
MACHINERY AND MANURE 
A few' generations ago at least two thirds of the pop¬ 
ulation of the United States worked and lived in the 
country, the remaining third of the population lived in 
the cities and it took this jiroportion to raise enough 
food and other products to feed and clothe the popula¬ 
tion, now" the conditions are reversed, the minority work 
the land and still have a surplus for export. The answer 
is of course machinery, and the future will see still 
more machinery and intensive methods of agricultural 
and horticultural products. 
The tractor and other automotive machinery is just 
displacing the use of animals and in fact changing the 
process of the cultivation of crops. Manure is becoming 
a scarce product and the finding of a substitute is a 
serious problem. 
Statements are continually made, there are just as 
many horses used as ever there were, but each one 
makes the mental comment, not in his particular locality. 
The scientists have given us formulas for keeping the 
soil in good productive condition by the use of rotation 
of crops, the plowing under of leguminous crops, and 
the use of lime and chemical fertilizers, all of which 
are good, and help us to get along without so many ani¬ 
mals to furnish manure. 
In the nursery and in the gardens where very inten¬ 
sive methods of culture are practiced there is really no 
satisfactory substitute for manure. Its physical prop¬ 
erties are as valuable to the soil as the plant food it car¬ 
ries. This is very generally recognized and some nur¬ 
series make it a practice to feed cattle, even at a loss, 
for the sake of the by i)roduct. manure. 
This leads us to speculate whether the future wdll 
