296 
THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN 
inainloiiaiKH*, and weathoi' conditions, vitally atl'cct newly 
])lanted nursery stock, and these are conditions beyond a 
nurserynian’s control. Agreeing to rei)lace without cost 
has, in many instances, led to neglect of a plant’s needs 
hy the customer,—for either he or his gardener argues 
that the nurseryman is responsible, so why disturb the 
])lant,—when a little watering or cultivation at the proper 
time would have saved it. How can a customer’s tree 
succeed, if it does not annually, or as often as is neces¬ 
sary, have the attention it re(|uires, just as any other liv¬ 
ing organism must have its requirements met if it is to 
sundve? 
A natural (piestion to arise in the mind of a customer 
is “How, then, am I to know the nurserymen with whom 
my relationships are to be most satisfactory?” The re¬ 
liability of Ibe firm dealt with is, iierhaps, the best as¬ 
surance. 
Nurserymen have, however, of themselves, thrown 
aliout membership in the American Association of Nur¬ 
serymen certain requirements for reliable and honest 
dealings by which their members are expected to abide, 
though the Association does not stand responsible for the 
transactions of the membership. A list of the nursery¬ 
men who have been admitted to this Association can be 
had by application to the Executive Secretary, Mr. John 
Watson, 400 Nassau Street, Princeton, N. J. 
WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY 
The Agricultural College of the West Virginia Univer¬ 
sity, Morgantown, W. Va., sent us a copy of a booklet 
issued recently, showing a collection of views of the col¬ 
lege, which have been distributed to prospective students. 
Judging from the booklet, students should have every 
cause to be proud of their alma mater. 
Its equipment is ample for a good training in the var¬ 
ious phases of horticulture. Dr. J. K. Shaw of the Massa¬ 
chusetts Agricultual College has been appointed head of 
the Department to succeed Professor W. H. Alderman, 
who is Chief of Horticulture in Minnesota. 
Morrisville, Pa., October 23, 1919. 
Editor, National Nurseryman, 
Flourtown, Pa. 
Dear Sir: — 
I am in receipt of a letter from Mr. Leon Estabrook, Chief of 
the Bureau of Crop Reports, Washington, D. C., that he has pres¬ 
ented to Secretary Houston, the Nurserymen’s request for an 
appropriation of $50,000 with which to secure Crop Reports. 
Secretary Houston demurred at this item in the budget at first 
but when Mr. Estabrook explained that officials in the Depart¬ 
ment and the American Association of Nurserymen wanted such 
statistics, the Secretary consented to leave the item in the bud¬ 
get which now goes to Congress at its next session which con¬ 
venes in December. Thus it looks as if progress in this impor¬ 
tant matter is being made. 
Very respectfully, 
J. Edward Moon, 
President of the American Association of Nurserymen. 
HOW AND WHEN TO PLANT 
Frederirk W. Kelsey in the New York Evening Times 
The excellent editorial in Sunday’s Times, “Tree Planting 
Time,” is both timely and practical. Too much credit can hard¬ 
ly be given to the American Forestry Association and to its 
President, Charles Lathrop Pack, for the public service they 
have rendered in favoring the planting of suitable memorial 
trees. Not even marble, bronze or granite can be more appro¬ 
priate or effective. A growing tree reflects growth and devel¬ 
opment, both in size and beauty, rather than tarnished deteriora¬ 
tion such as nature at once applies to every other form of me¬ 
morial expression. “The trees are growin’ while y’re sleepin’,” 
as the Scotch bard long ago remarked. 
The reference in your editorial that “no tree that has not a 
diameter of two inches measured a foot above the ground” 
should be planted is subject to modificateion as to conditions. In 
many places smaller trees are not only less costly but more de¬ 
sirable as well. It is an apt and trite saying that, the more ex¬ 
perience tree planters have, the smaller trees they select for the 
best future results. 
One of the most successful tree planters in the country fre¬ 
quently stated that he was not so particular about the size of a 
tree as he was to get the right kind of a tree in the right place 
and with a preparation of the soil that made what was below the 
surface of the ground of fully as much or more importance than 
the size of the tree or what was above the ground. 
This contention is fully borne out by practical experience 
everywhere. The reverse condition and lack of care of the trees 
afterward accounts for the failure of many trees in our parks, 
parkways, and public streets all over the country. A tree an 
inch in diameter under favorable conditions of soil, planting, and 
care may be vastly more valuable and satisfactory for any plant- 
ng than larger trees where the environment or conditions are not 
favorable. Younger trees, as with younger natural growth gen¬ 
erally, more readily adapt themselves to the results of the “sur¬ 
gical operation” of transplanting. 
In Paris and other European cities, and in Chicago and other 
American cities and on many country estates, very large trees 
are successfully moved and transplanted where conditions per¬ 
mit. 
In the States where Municipal Shade Tree Commissions have 
been authorized, as in New Jersey, where there are now about 
fifty city, village and town cornissioners with full authority to 
plant and care for the trees in the public streets, the trees usual¬ 
ly selected are from 114 to 214 inches in diameter, immediate 
effect being one of the objects desired. In the larger cities 
heavy expenditures are made to insure effective lines of street 
trees all through the resident portions. Newark has expended 
from $40,000 to $60,000 annually for this purpose for a number of 
years, and next to Washington is now perhaps the best tree- 
planted American city. 
As a rule, trees taken from the woods rarely succeed as well 
as nursery-grown or cultivated trees. The reason is obvious. 
The soil conditions are entirely different. And in the woods the 
growth of a young tree is protected on all sides by the surround¬ 
ing trunks, branches, and foliage. The removal for outside 
planting is therefore to a wholly changed environment, affecting 
both root and branch. Indeed, this change is usually so marked 
as to either kill the removed tree or permanently retard its 
growth and development. 
Autumn planting is frequently preferred to deferring the work 
until Spring, and most of the hardy deciduous trees succeed as 
well from Fall planting—such as the elms, hard maples, lindens, 
ginkgo, horse chestnuts, etc. But there are exceptions. Nearly 
all of the beautiful magnolias persist in dying from Autumn 
planting and even the silver-leaved maple rarely succeeds as 
well when moved in the Fall as when transplanted in Spring. 
STATEIMENT OF THE OWNERSHIP, IMANAOEMENT, 
CIRCULATION, ETC. 
Required by the ACT OF AUGUST 24, 1912 
Of the NATIONAL NURSERYMAN published monthly at 
Hatboro, Pa., for October 1st, 1919. 
Editor,—ERNEST HEMMING, Flourtown, Pa. 
^Managing Editor,—None. 
Business Manager,—THOMAS B. MEEHAN, Mt. Airy, Phila., 
Pa 
Publisher—NATIONAL NURSERY.MAN PUBLISHING CO., 
INC., Hatboro, Pa. 
Owners: 
Mrs. Nellie B. Yates, Rochester, N. Y. 
James McHutchison, Jersey City, N. J. 
Thomas B. Meehan, Mt. Airy, Phila., Pa. 
Albert F. Meehan, Mt. Airy, Phila., Pa. 
Known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders, 
holding 1 per cent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, 
or other securities. NONE. 
THOMAS B. MEEHAN, Business Manager. 
Sworn to and subscribed before me this 8th day of October, 1919. 
Elmer Miller, Notary Public. 
6765 Germantown Ave. 
(My commission expires March 11, 1921.) 
