Oct. 2, 1909.] 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
557 
before mentioned and the tree-climbing perch 
are excellent illustrations of this similarity. 
The extraordinary lengths to which a fin has 
changed and evolved into another apparatus is 
exemplified in our northern Australia suckling 
.fish (echeineis or remora), whose dorsal fin has 
been by gradual changes metamorphosed into 
a sucking disc on top of its head, which acts 
as an organ of prehension. The sucking fish 
is used by the natives of the north to procure 
turtles, and on espying a sleeping turtle float¬ 
ing on the top of the water, the natives, who 
have a sucking fish in water at the bottom of 
their canoe, tie a rope around the sucking 
fish’s tail, and put it overboard. The sucking 
fish at once makes off, and fastens itself by 
means of its sucker to the underneath shell of 
the turtle. So fast is the hold that the natives 
are able to haul the .turtle up to their canoe. 
Should the turtle prove powerful, the hold of 
the sucking-fish is sufficient to keep it in check 
until a native slips overboard and fastens a 
rope around the leg of the turtle, and so 
captures it. The resemblance between the 
wing of a bird and the fin of a fish is most 
noticeable in the penguins, where the wing is a 
flightless organ, and is used principally as a 
balancing and a propelling apparatus. 
The desire to migrate is as strongly de¬ 
veloped in fishes as in birds. In fact it is in 
these two classes of vertebrates that this mi¬ 
gratory habit is so highly specialized. No 
doubt it is due to the facilities offered by air 
and water for lengthened journeys under uni¬ 
form conditions, that this habit has become so 
marked. The primary cause of the migration 
is usually to be found in the provision for the 
next generation. In birds it is partly for the 
suitable and Gertain supply of food, while in the 
fish it is undertaken with a view to securing a 
larger amount of protection. 
In parental affection, many fishes exhibit the 
same sense of responsibility as birds. They 
will endeavor to defend their young against 
attack. Birds and fishes that are naturally timid, 
and who will shrink and flee away from certain 
creatures when not burdened with young, show 
remarkable pluck when their young are en¬ 
dangered. Although this similarity of caring 
for their young obtains with both birds and 
fishes, yet many fish and a few species of birds, 
once their young are safely hatched, leave them 
to shift for themselves. In these cases the 
young are adapted to care for themselves, 
special provision having been made by nature 
for this situation. 
Apart from the pleasure derived from the 
sport of fishing and shooting in the open sea¬ 
son, both birds and fish are of great economic 
value, and considerably add to a country’s pros¬ 
perity. Both_ are extensively used as articles 
of food, especially where they are of an edible 
size, and have also the fatal recommendation 
of palatability. Throughout the year vast quan¬ 
tities of fish are yielded up by Dame Nature 
for man’s use, while birds, too, add no in¬ 
considerable amount to the world’s food sup¬ 
plies. Oil is obtained from both. 
The distribution of fish and birds is portrayed 
in their fossil remains. The science of geology 
teaches us that if we know the formation of the 
rocky bed from which their remains are taken, 
we are able to get an idea of the nature of the 
fish or bird-life in that particular era of the 
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