May 20, ig11. ] 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
765 
TEMPERATURE OF OCEAN. 
Siu John Murray called attention to the fact 
the temperature of the ocean is changing. 
J he Atlantic deeps are colder now than at the 
time of the Challenger expedition, thirty-five 
years ago, and there is apparently a cycle of 
this change in the north Atlantic. 
In the North Sea the spawning grounds are 
distinctly the places of current from the At¬ 
lantic. and for the different fish correspond with 
the degree of salinity of the water. What the 
season for this is has not yet been determined, 
but it is important from the food of man stand¬ 
point to know where the fish are to be found 
and why the places to which they resort change. 
1 he different fish select spawning grounds, 
and they distribute themselves from a given 
center, this having been determined by means 
of marked individuals. 
Another interesting story was the means of 
telling the age of the fish. The otoliths, or as 
they are popularly called earbones, can be used 
for this purpose on much the same principle as 
the trunk of a tree gives evidence of its growth. 
In both there are rings, one for each year. The 
scales of. certain of the fishes give similar indi¬ 
cations. The herring may grow to eleven or 
twelve years. By the width in the earlier rings 
the fish may be located as to spring or fall 
hatch. Further than this there is evidence of 
certain years being better for the propagation 
ot fishes than others. The catches of a nmn- 
j °! se f s , ons P 0 ’ 1 ! 1 I 9«4 as a prolific year, 
and the fish born in that year formed an im¬ 
portant portion of the catch till within a vear 
or two. 
I he sea is crowded with life. So minute are 
the torms that nets of hardly greater coarseness 
than a silk pocket handkerchief are used, it hav- 
mg been found that what were formerly con¬ 
sidered to be fine nets caught less than 2 per 
cent ot the actual life in the water through 
which they were taken. The surface growth- 
plankton it is called—consists of plants and 
animals, and these require food just as any 
other plants and animals do. “The surface of 
the sea is a great floating meadow,” said the 
speaker, and there is more vegetable matter in 
it, including to the depth of a hundred fathoms, 
than on any meadow or forest tract on land.” 
He suggested that it might be possible to 
cultivate the ocean by furnishing to the water, 
perhaps by means of sewage, some lacking ele¬ 
ments, so that certain places might be made at¬ 
tractive to food fish and be economically valuable. 
He noted further how at the meeting of cold and 
warm currents the life is particularly abundant 
One such place is off the elbow of Cape Cod, 
and there the plants and animals congregate. 
I hese small plants are the fundamental food 
supply not only of the surface larger organ¬ 
isms. but of those at all depths below.—Boston 
I ranscript. 
A VETERAN FISHING CLUB. 
V hat is claimed to be the oldest fishing club 
in Allegheny county is the Chubby Fishing 
Club, of the Northside, says the Pittsburg Post. 
This club was organized about thirty-six years 
ago and is limited to thirty-six members. Each 
year the club spreads its tents in a cool and 
shady retreat on the shores of Lake Erie. Last 
year the club sojourned on the banks of Rocky 
River, one mile from Cleveland. 
Among the many good features of the Chubby 
Club’s annual outing is the fact that the mem¬ 
bers are always accompanied by their wives and 
children. With such efficient chaperons it is no 
wonder that the members always succeed in 
keeping out of mischief. There is never a dull 
day in camp, as plenty of amusement and en¬ 
tertainment is afforded, since each member is a 
musician and they always take their instruments 
to camp with them. 
The officers of the club are: J. H. Smith 
President: F. J. Munn, Secretary, and Christ.’ 
Theroff, Treasurer. 
Hinged 
Cover 
Williams S Stick^ 
The kind thal won't smart or dry on the face” 
The sunburnt skin 
craves the c o o 1 i n g, 
s]_o o t'ht i n g effect of 
Williams’ Shaving Stick. 
Hinged 
Cover 
• III ^ QtUcAS?<SaM/ 
yf 1111 a HIS Shaving Powder 
Camping or tramping Will¬ 
iams’ Shaving Powder adds a 
minimum of weight but yields 
the maximum of comfort. 
Snprial Off#*r ! A mini ature sample package of either 
>CII VUCr Williams’ Shaving Stick, Shaving Pow¬ 
der, Talc Powder, Jersey Cream Toilet Soap or Dentalactic Tooth 
Powder, mailed for 4 cents in stamps. 
All five articles in neat combina¬ 
tion package for 16 cts. in stamps. 
The J. B. Williams Co., Dept. A, Glastonbury, Conn. 
Dixon’s Graphite for Sportsmen — 
A lubricant and preservative; for fishing rods and reels; 
for gunlocks and barrels; for row, sail and motor boats. 
Booklets Graphite Afloat and Afield” and “Dixon's 
Motor Graphite ” free on request. 
JOSEPH DIXON CRUCIBLE CO. - - Jersey City, N. J 
The Forest and Stream may be obtained from any 
newsdealer on order. Ask your dealer to supply you 
regularly. 
The Story of the Indian 
By c? e ° rge ». Grinne11 - author of “Pawnee Hero 
ri°fi eS ’ r. ■ I!lf ‘ c , k 1” ot Lodge Tales,” etc. 12mo. 
Cloth. Price, $1.50. 
Contents: His Home. Recreations. A Marriage 
Subsistence. His Hunting. The War Trail. Fori 
lines of War. Prairie Battlefields. Implements and 
Industries. Man and Nature. His Creation. The 
World of the Dead. Pawnee Religion. The Old Faith 
and the New. The Coming of the White Man. The 
North Americans—Yesterday and To-day. 
FOREST AND STREAM PUBLISHING CO. 
Big 
UjJ 
No other part of the world rivals the East 
Coast of Africa in its abundance and variety 
of game, or in its extent of unsettled country. 
The Palatial Steamers of the 
Union-Castle Line 
Enable the Tourist to 
Circumnavigate Africa 
in Either Direction 
Via West Coast — weekly sailings of Royal Mail 
Steamers from Southampton for Madeira, Cape Town, 
Port Elizabeth, East London, Natal. Intermediate 
ships leave London and Southampton weekly for Cape 
Town, Port Elizabeth, East London, Natal, calling fort¬ 
nightly at Teneriffe, Las Palmas and Mossel Bay. and 
monthly at Ascension and St. Helena, and proceeding 
monthly to Beira and Mauritius. 
Via East Coast — Sailings from London every four 
weeks (Thursdays), and from Southampton following 
day for Natal, via Suez Canal, calling at Marseilles, 
Naples, Port Said, Suez, Port Sudan, Aden, Mombasa, 
Zanzibar, Mozambique, Chinde, Beira and Delagoa Bay. 
THE DELIGHTS OF AN AFRICAN TOUR 
are hundred-fold. The Victoria Falls, that greatest of 
all cataracts, with a sheer drop of 420 feet, may be 
reached by either West Coast or East Coast service by 
rail from Cape Town, Port Elizabeth, East London, 
Natal or Beira. 
The Biblical Ruins of Sheba— supposed to be the ruins 
of Solomon’s temple, are only a few miles from Victoria. 
Iiitenfling- Tourists anfl Hunters are invited to address, 
for full information, literature, and through booking's 
G r s r„±^f%t an Union-Castle Line 
281 Fifth Avenue—NEW YORK—8-10 BridgeStreet 
Donald Currie & Co.. Managers, 3-4 Fenchurch Street, London 
FISH BITE 
quick as lightning if you use 
Electric Fish Bait. It keeps you 
busy pulling them out. Catch loads 
of them. Write today and get a box 
to help introduce it Enclose 2c 
stamp for catalog and special oflfers. 
EASTERN SUPPLY CO., Dept. 1 . Lapeer, Mich. 
THE SOUTH 
COAST MINNOW 
By elimination of undesirable and useless features by 
an exacting fisherman, we present to the particular 
anglers of America a most sane and efficient bait. Its 
reception the last 3 years has been most enthusiastic. 
We urge the discriminating fishermen to use this min¬ 
now during the summer’s outing. It will add many times 
to the pleasures of fishing. 4 minnows, 3 sizes, mailed 
for $2.00. Write for booklet and folder. H. C ROYER 
335 Wilson Block, Los Angeles, Cal. ' 
IVe Ship on Approval 
To-days «rcS. preply the frci ^ ht and alI °" 
>' 0 RAYS FREE TRIAL on every bicycle. IT ONLY 
■ COSTS one cent to learn our unheard of prices and 
marvelous offers on highest grade 1911 models. 
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RIDER AGENTS ever y wh «e ar = making big 
■ HUbll Hut!) I O money exhibiting and selling 
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OR 95 HENRY ST. BROOKLYN. N Y. 
s 
When writing say you saw 
and Stream.” 
the ad. in “Forest 
