FOREST AND STREAM 
207 
pensive it is to be made. If a very elab¬ 
orate fireplace is decided upon brick should 
be used in the fireplace part. In this case, 
while building up the chimney, line it with 
brick or cement all the way to the top. 
The cement is applied to the outside in the 
same manner as when chinking the cracks 
of an old log cabin with mud. To save 
cement the larger portion of the depression 
between the logs may be filled with tree 
limbs cut from the trees which supplied 
the logs for the walls. These should be 
nailed in tightly and the cement mixture 
pressed in about them closely. The outside 
is trowled down to make a smooth surface. 
A very good effect can be obtained by only 
filling the depressions full, leaving a por¬ 
tion of the log project to the weather. A 
base can be built up of stones a foot or more 
high, using flat stones in rubble style. These 
are placed against the logs and when fin¬ 
ished will produce the effect of a stone foun¬ 
dation. 
A NOTHER good effect for a log house 
is produced by squaring all logs, as 
shown in Figure i. This will take 
more time, but it will produce an interior 
and exterior that cannot be obtained in any 
other way. The saddle and rider for the 
ends of the logs are not cut as in the round, 
but a square notch is used in both joining 
logs. This is clearly shown in the illus¬ 
tration, Figure 3. A half-timbered outside 
appearance can be easily obtained in this 
manner if the workman can handle an axe 
well in hewing the logs to a square. The 
fireplace, window-frames and door open¬ 
ings are made in the same manner as de¬ 
tailed in the construction of the round-log 
work. The interior can remain in its natu¬ 
ral state or be finished as the means of the 
builder will permit. 
As the logs are built up from the ground, 
forming a foundation and wall together, 
joists must be put in to take the flooring 
boards at the proper height from the ground. 
The joists can be made of straight poles of 
sufficient diameter to prevent them sagging 
when in constant use. These poles can be 
notched into a certain layer of logs so that 
a part of their upper surfaces can be hewn 
off for leveling. The floor boards are laid 
in the same manner as in building a house. 
If a fireplace is built in, it will be necessary 
to provide space in front of the opening for 
Fig. 4: The Rounded Notch 
a cement or brick hearth. The size of this 
space should be in proportion to the size of 
the fireplace. It will be necessary to cut off 
the joists and put in a header to provide for 
a box in which to lay the cement. While 
this space should not be entirely open, it 
should have a floor lower than the rest of 
the building in which to place the cement or 
brick, so that the surface will be on a level 
with the floor. 
While the design of these log cabins will 
make the cost considerable and beyond the 
reach of many, the minor details can be 
kept in mind and carried out from the start, 
but only the usual log cabin constructed. 
Then later on the cement coating can be 
applied. Thus the original cost will be only 
for the ordinary log cabin, and the cement 
can be applied at any time, or the half logs 
put on to produce the half-timbered effect. 
A SLEEPING BAG-SHELTER TENT 
CANADIAN SPORTSMEN HAVE ADOPTED AN ORD¬ 
NANCE OFFICER’S INVENTION FOR KEEPING WARM. 
By A. M. SIMONS. 
r HE subject of 
sleeping bags 
has lately at¬ 
tracted a good deal 
of attention among 
sporting journals 
and particularly in 
Forest and Stream. 
A recent develop¬ 
ment is the sleeping 
bag combined with a 
shelter flap, which 
makes a very snug 
and comfortable tent 
and bed. The whole weighs only from 10 
to 12 pounds, depending upon the 
thickness of canvas or other material 
of which it is made. Transportation is 
thus easily managed as it rolls up into 
a neat pack and takes up a minimum 
of space. Blankets can be rolled up 
in it, which will keep them clean and 
dry. A hold-all compartment at the 
head contains the personal kit—change 
Half Open: Protected from Sun or Wind 
of underwear, towels, soap, shaving out¬ 
fit—and acts as a pillow at night. 
The tent has well contrived flaps of 
canvas, silk or any waterproof material 
for protection from the weather. The 
foot end is left open for ventilation, but 
a flap is arranged at the head end which 
can be left up in warm weather and 
closed down in cold. The foot end, be¬ 
ing open, is useful for observation when 
the sleeper is wakened suddenly, and of 
course, any portion of the shelter can be 
readily thrown back when required. 
The flap at the head prevents cold 
drafts. Such a tent, closed all round 
except for a samll opening at the foot, 
provides any quantity of good, fresh air, 
as except in cold weather it is not 
necessary to close down the head flap. 
The sleeping bag portion of the out¬ 
fit is of the usual envelope type, except for 
the haversack, or hold-all, pillow arrange¬ 
ment previously referred to. And if not 
required for shelter, the flap can be turned 
under, filled with leaves or boughs, and 
used as a mattress. 
The shelter, made of waterproof can¬ 
vas, oiled silk, or rubber sheeting, will 
keep out the most inclement weather, 
leaving the occupant warm, dry and 
comfortable, with the double advantage 
of sleeping bag and shelter tent. As 
many blankets as required can be used. 
One blanket folded properly in en¬ 
velope fashion will be found sufficient 
for anything down to zero weather. Two 
are ample for any degree of cold likely 
to be found south of the arctic circle. 
The inventor of this contrivance is 
Lieutenant Colonel A. D. Panet, of the 
Canadian ordinance corps. He first got 
the idea and put it to practical purpose 
on hunting trips through the hills and 
forest's of Quebec, hunting caribou and 
other big game, and it has been widely 
used by Canadian sportsmen. It is also 
used by officers of the Canadian army 
on active service, and has been fully 
tried out under active service conditions 
in zero weather and enthusiastically ap¬ 
proved. 
Medical officers have added their tes¬ 
timony to the effect that it' is ideal for 
the sleeping-out treatment of tuberculo¬ 
sis. A hot-water bottle at the feet of 
the patient' renders the bed as cozy as 
one in a heated room and yet enables 
a patient to inhale pure, cold, fresh air. 
For further comfort of tubercular 
patients, a rubber sheet can be spread 
on the ground and a mattress used be¬ 
tween this and the sleeping bag, to al¬ 
low use of the covering flap as a tent. 
And it can be put up or taken down by 
a child. 
The Kit Hold-All Serves as a Pillow 
