2 I 2 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
[Feb. 8, 1908. 
night the old gentleman made his escape. Cer¬ 
tainly a positive and self-willed old gentleman. 
Fort Mortimer is frequently mentioned as it 
was in 1843 by Audubon. He says of it: “We 
found the place in a most miserable condition 
and about to be carried away by the falling in 
of the banks on account of the great rise of 
water in the Yellowstone that had actually 
dammed the Missouri.” The current ran directly 
across, and the banks gave way at such a rate 
that the men had been obliged already to tear 
up the front of the fort and remove it to the 
rear. To-morrow they are to remove the houses 
themselves should they stand the coming night, 
which appeared to me somewhat dubious.” Three 
weeks later Mr. Audubon went to Fort Mortimer 
to borrow a hunter named Boucherville whom he 
wished to send after mountain sheep. This man 
was a famous hunter and was afterward hired 
by Pallisser, and is frequently spoken of in the 
“Solitary Hunter.” Fie met Pallisser at Fort 
Union just after the banter had had a very bad 
winter, and Pallisser took him into his service 
ious to get to the Black Hills it was found that 
the nearest point to the new mining ground was 
by way of Pierre. A road was built from there 
into the hills, a stage line established, and from 
that time on Pierre, the fort, began to be for¬ 
gotten, and Pierre, the city, increased in im¬ 
portance. 
We have endeavored to give very briefly some 
idea of the situation and surroundings of half a 
dozen of the more important fur trading estab¬ 
lishments of the early West. Of some of these 
no pictures remain, and the sketches here pub¬ 
lished we owe to the kindness of the daughter of 
Mr. Alexander FI. Murray, as already explained. 
In the years 1844, ’45 and ’46 he visited these 
outposts and made hasty notebook sketches of 
them which we now present to our readers. 
There were a great number of other posts, of 
which now and then a plan or a sketch appears 
in some ancient and long out-of-print volume of 
Western travel. This subject, which is of great 
interest to the historian of America, deserves far 
parts—the first devoted to the Warrior and the 
second to the Woman—brings together a num¬ 
ber of stories which at various times in the past 
have been printed in different magazines. The 
tales deal with the Ways of life of the old-time 
Indians, and with the motives which animate 
these primitive people. They throw much light 
on the Indian’s habits and his ways of thought, 
and are related with great feeling. It is well 
that they should have been set down by one who 
belongs to the race with which the stories deal. 
No white man, however, great as his experience 
is, can penetrate the secrets of the Indian heart 
and mind as can the Indian himself. 
The volume is illustrated in colors by Daniel 
Sayre Groesbeck. 
Two Children in the Woods. By Rosalind 
Richards. Boston, Dana Estes & Co. Illus¬ 
trated, 274 pages. 
This is a pleasing book for the young folks 
who have had a taste of camping with their 
parents, for it relates incidents that will hold 
FORT MORTIMER. 
From a drawing made by Alexander H. Murray, April 6, 1845. 
and they worked together very satisfactorily 
for a considerable time. 
The point where the positive Mr. Kelsey es¬ 
tablished his post, opposite the beautiful island 
which he depopulated, was Fort George, a post 
which had but a brief existence, certainly not 
more than three or four years, since as already 
stated, Fox, Livingston & Co. were not in the 
country more than about four years. The situa¬ 
tion as given by Dr. Coues was near Rousseau, 
in Hughes county. South Dakota. 
One of the very old trading posts on the Mis¬ 
souri was Fort Pierre, on the Missouri River 
near the Teton, now the site of the flourishing 
city of Pierre. The old fort was built in 1831 
and 1832 and was named after Mr. Pierre Cho- 
teau, Jr., then and for many years the head of 
the fur trade of the West. Fort Pierre occupied 
the site of the earlier Fort Tecumseh, which had 
been the headquarters of the Columbia Fur Com¬ 
pany upon the Missouri and had been built prob¬ 
ably about the year 1822. In 1827 it was turned 
over to the American Fur Company. 
The post was 325 feei wide by 340 feet, and 
was one of the best built forts on the river and 
its most important one except Fcrt L T nion. 
It was not until about 1875, after the discovery 
of gold in the Black Hills, that much change took 
place in the surroundings of Fort Pierre. Then, 
however, when a multitude of people were anx- 
more study than has yet been given to it, though 
such writers as Dr. Elliot Coues and Colonel H. 
M. Chittenden have preserved to us a great mass 
of interesting material bearing on the early days. 
New Publications. 
Old Indian Days. By C. A. Eastman, author 
of Indian Boyhood. New York, McClure 
Phillips & Co. Illustrated, cloth, 279 pages. 
Price, $1.60 net. 
Dr. Charles A. Eastman is a full-blooded Sioux 
Indian, reared in an Indian camp, and until he 
was fifteen years old without any knowledge 
whatever of white people. Sent to school first 
at that age he made rapid progress and later en¬ 
tered Dartmouth College, where he took first 
honors, not only in his studies, but in athletics. 
Subsequently he studied medicine and has de¬ 
voted many years of his life to earnest work 
looking toward the uplifting of his people. Be¬ 
sides this he is the author of a volume on “In¬ 
dian Boyhood,” one of the truest and sweetest 
pictures of primitive life ever written. 
Better than almost any other man, Dr. East¬ 
man is fitted to tell the story of the life of the 
Indian as it should be told, because, notwith¬ 
standing his training in the white man’s ways, he 
remains at heart an Indian. 
The present volume, which is divided into two 
the interest of the youngsters. Life in the 
woods, and what little folks do and see; their 
impressions of natural objects; views of wild 
animals, and many other topics, related by little 
“Miss Flora.” Here is a sample: 
“The water really was alive with trout. James 
had his rod together, and was out on a point of 
rock fishing, all in a minute, and the w r ater dim¬ 
pled and gurgled in a dozen flashes every time 
he cast. He and Jerry fished and fished, but 
Jerry fished with nothing but a feather on the 
end of his line—no hook. He said that James 
w'as getting all we could carry home, and more 
was a sin; that it injured their complexion to 
be handled, and their health to be long out of 
water; that in this way he got the pure art of 
the thing, and he chuckled as the trout gobbled 
and fought after his empty line.” 
THE CAMPING OUTFIT 
of the thoughtful camper invariably includes a 
supply of Borden’s Eagle Brand Condensed Milk. 
With this in camp, the most important food item 
is taken care of. Eagle Milk keeps indefinitely 
in any climate. The original and leading brand 
since 1857. Always uniform.— Adv. 
The Forest and Stream may be obtained from 
any newsdealer on order. Ask your dealer to 
supply you regularly. 
