77 8 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
[May 16 , 1908 . 
be twice as great as that of its better mate, the 
standard solid rod. The making of the taper 
core is no small problem, and the gluing of this 
to a material of vastly inferior elasticity I do 
not consider a reliable possibility. 
For the benefit of the amateur rodmaker it 
might not be amis to explain, as the expression 
has been frequently used above, that the modulus 
of elasticity expresses in pounds per square inch 
that force which would be required to stretch 
an ideal material to double its original length. 
Stretching the material to a small fractional part 
of its original length would require a corres¬ 
pondingly or proportionately small part of the 
force given as the numerical value of E, a letter 
which is the standard or conventional symbol 
for modulus of elasticity. To say that a material 
is elastic is as indefinite as to say that a fish has 
weight or a board has length. When you give 
the modulus of elasticity of a material you do 
exactly what is done when you state the weight 
of the fish in pounds or the length of 'the board 
in feet. 
In order that the amateur may better realize 
the importance of E in rod material I submit 
herewith a diagram showing what takes place in 
a preliminary design for a lancewood rod when 
so loaded that the working stress (S) is based 
on 8,000 pounds per square inch throughout its 
active length, but in which E=i,600,000 pounds 
in one case and .2,400,000 pounds in the other. 
The active body of the rod is divided into ten 
equal parts and each part in turn is calculated 
for strength to meet its own share of the work. 
From the diameters .so obtained the radius of 
curvature for each section is calculated and 
plotted as shown. 
A piece of material in which E is high will 
have life and snap, while the opposite is the case 
when E is low. Knowing what E is at the start 
will save wasting a lot of valuable time on 
second or third grade material. Every amateur 
or experienced angler has recognized E after 
fishing for half a day in a drizzle, and likewise 
has attributed the loss of life in his rod to 
moisture getting through the varnish. Water in 
wood of any kind is fatal to a high modulus of 
elasticity and this is clearly shown in the dia¬ 
gram. The rod bent to the curve under E=2,400- 
000 gives out the same total energy that is given 
out by the same rod, bent much further, in which 
E is lowered to 1,600,000 as shown by the lower 
curve. 
It is no more difficult to design a good bait¬ 
casting rod than it is to design a good bridge, 
and the methods and labor involved in one case 
apply largely to the other. I am not a rodmaker 
—except for my own use—but I have spent so 
much money and time on the problem, and as my 
rods have cost me about $100 apiece, I am unable 
to decide whether I am an amateur or a victim; 
but I can tell you confidentially that I have got 
more excitement and enjoyment out of the game 
of calculating, testing, making and trying out 
than out of anything else, and the game is 
clean. 
I doubt if many of the old school anglers can 
realize fully with what avidity the articles from 
“The Angler’s Workshop” are read by those 
who have learned to enjoy the pleasures ob¬ 
tainable at practice and at contests in the cast¬ 
ing clubs and the national tournaments. 
M. A. Beck. 
Michigan Angling Noles. 
Saginaw, Mich., April 2 7.—Editor Forest and 
Stream: In your issue of April 25 your cor¬ 
respondent M. B. writes intelligently and feel¬ 
ingly in relation to the Michigan grayling. He 
certainly was familiar with that grand fish. The 
files of Forest and Stream contain several 
articles on the grayling written by myself, and 
I herewith inclose a resolution which I intro- 
troduced and which was passed by the League 
of American Sportsmen at its annual meeting, 
Feb. 12, 1902: 
Whereas, the grayling, one of the gamiest, most in¬ 
teresting and beautiful fishes in the world, once abund¬ 
ant in many streams in Michigan, is now well nigh 
extinct; and 
Whereas, enough of these fish still remain in the 
Manistee River to again stock that and other streams 
to repletion, if afforded proper protection; therefore, . 
Resolved, by the League of American Sportsmen, in 
annual meeting assembled, that we deem it expedient to 
stop all fishing in the upper Manistee River for a term 
of years, and that we humbly petition the Governor and 
the Legislature of the State of Michigan to enact a law 
at the next session of the said Legislature, prohibiting 
any and all fishing in said Manistee River prior to 
June 1, 1908. 
Each member of the Legislature of 1902 was 
CURVE SHOWS RATE OF DROP IN STRENGTH OF ROD 
AS SIZE OF HOLE INCREASES. 
furnished with one of these slips. At that time 
I appealed to the Governor and the Governor’s 
wife to save the Michigan grayling, for I firmly 
believe it could have been saved had the upper 
reaches of the Big Manistee been closed to all 
fishing for a period of years. The grayling then 
still existed in that stream. It was not a natural 
trout stream. The lumbering had ceased, so the 
daily floods of the lumberman’s dams for run¬ 
ning out their logs in the spring no longer 
menaced this spring spawning fish. The measure 
failed, and the Michigan grayling is gone for¬ 
ever. The excuse given for not passing it was 
that a local representative in the Michigan 
Legislature claimed it was unfair to debar his 
constituents from fishing, although the upper 
part of the Manistee was sparsely settled. The 
Governor and the Legislature did n9t recognize 
that this stream belonged to the whole State of 
Michigan, and not to a local few, and a national 
calamity was the result. 
Not far from this locality, only last week, a 
minister of the gospel, residing in Johannesburg, 
was convicted of dynamiting a trout stream, and 
the fine including the costs was $55. State Game 
Warden Pierce is entitled to a great deal of 
credit for pushing this case. During the same 
week one deputy State warden secured three 
convictions for dynamiting at another point. 
The general sentiment does not seem to be 
in favor of the protection of game, fish, forests 
or anything else. Let us hope that the time will 
come, however, when the public view will change. 
At the present time there seems a great scar 
city of song and insectivorous birds; very few 
have yet made their appearance. Notwithstand¬ 
ing the fact that we have had pleasant and 
warm weather for the last two weeks, the num 
bers that were here last year have not yet 
showed up. 
This is the first season of trying the experi¬ 
ment of limiting by law, fishing on the North 
Branch of the Au Sable to the artificial fly. This 
is a grand trout stream, and several years ago 
a law was passed making the legal limit eight 
inches and upward. Previous to passing th 
law eight-inch fish were scarce, yet after it had 
been in force a year, eight-inch fish were appar¬ 
ently as plentiful as seven-inch had been before, 
until now there is no difficulty in getting the 
legal limit on a good fishing day; namely, fifty 
fish, eight inches and over. In fact, I was in 
formed'the other day that a sportsman fixed his 
own limit at ten inches and upward and secured j 
his limit at that. < 
Now if we can stop dynamiting, spearing, net¬ 
ting and illegal fishing, and confine the fishing 
on that stream to the fly, I believe there will be 
twice as much fishing for everyone as there was : 
before. The stream will accommodate double 
the number of legal anglers, for bait-fishing cer- i 
tainly destroyed large quantities of under sized 
fish. A number of sportsmen have kept count 
and found that in taking thirty fish of eight 
inches and upward they returned to the stream 
125 to 140 under eight inches. These carefully ■ 
removed from the fly are rarely injured, but 
with a bait hook many of them must be killed. 
If this experiment turns out as I believe it will, 
it will furnish more trout for stocking the Au 
Sable waters than an additional fish hatchery 
possibly could, and also help educate the angler 
to a more enjoyable method of fishing, for after 
one begins fishing with a fly he never goes back 
to bait-fishing again, which seems to prove it 
is beyond question the most enjoyable way nf 
taking trout. W. B. Mershon. 
Cincinnati Casting Club. 
Cincinnati, Ohio, May 9 . —Editor Forest and 
Stream: The wind was blowing too strong for 
any very accurate work to be done by the mem¬ 
bers to-day. Hutchins succeeded in hitting the 
target three times at eighty feet and once at sixty 
feet, five casts at each distance. 
In the light-weight casting only the 60, 70 and 
8o-foot distances were used. 
One-half ounce accuracy: 
60ft. 
70ft. 
soft. 
90ft. 
100 ft. 
Total. 
Crugar . 
97.4 
98.4 
97.6 
87.8 
95.4 
98 8-25 
Tames . 
9(1.8 
96.2 
95.6 
93.8 
86.0 
93 17-25 
Kissinger . 
97.6 
97.4 
76.8 
97.0 
86.8 
91 3-25 
Hutchins . 
97.2 
94.6 
99.0 
74.2 
75.4 
88 14-25 
Lampe . 
87.0 
92.8 
72.0 
85.S 
91.2 
86 9-25 
One-quarte 
ounce accuracy, 60, 
70 and 
80 feet: 
Tames .. 
... 96 
12-15 
Lampe 
.. 85 14-15 
Kissinger . 
... 87 
8-15 
Crugar 
.. 79 
Hutchins . 
.... 86 
5-15 
