276 
RERAMIC STUDIO 
away accurately to the curve. A word here about the 
use of the shears. Cut near the point, not at the point 
for it takes far less strength to cut near the point accord- 
ing to a well known principle of leverage. 
File away all splinters and uneven places with the 
flat side of the half round file. 
Describe two circles at half inch intervals inside 
the disk, see A Illus. No. 3. 
Set the log section (see Fig. 13, Illus. No. i) in the vise 
if you have one, if not it may be screwed to a bench. 
Holding the metal disk slightly tipped on the end 
of the log, beat with the mallet between the first and sec- 
ond circle as shown in Illus. No. 3 B. constantly repeating 
this until an even bend is formed of any depth you wish 
as C. The outer edge will wrinkle but can easily be tapped 
smooth. 
Light strokes many times repeated, will accomplish 
more than a few heavy ones. Finish by filing the edge 
even and true. 
The Holder. 
Cut out the second piece measuring 3x3, Illus. No. 
2, and square it even and true at the corners. Mark 
the lines as shown in Illus. No. 4. A and then snip and file 
<. — 
3 - 
a. 
t 
^ 
to the shape shown in Illus. 4 B. You will find that 
with the three files in your equipment a great variety of 
shapes may be obtained. At the corners punch the 
holes as shown at x x x Illus. 4 B and then cutting ex- 
actly upon the lines to these holes the leg pieces are pro- 
duced. This piece may now be bent and beaten about the 
curved sticks which by the way, should be |" diameter 
— the diameter of the common candle. 
The leg pieces are next bent out to a right angle with 
the pliers and their upper edges beveled with the half- 
round file, Illus. 4 C. 
Holes are then punched in the ends — one hole in each 
piece. 
The Handle. 
Cut out C Illus. No. 2 and file one end to resemble 
Illus. No. 5 A or any other simple curved pattern. 
Bend up this piece neatly and tightly around the 
stick. 
Punch holes as indicated. 
All punching should be done upon the end of a hard 
wood block and the raised edges of the hole carefully 
filed down smooth. 
It is essential to good rivetting that these holes be 
exactly the same size as the rivets used. 
Copper rivets may be purchased \" long and about 
I" thick for 40c. a lb. These are the easiest to handle 
but do not look well upon brass. Brass escutcheon pins 
I" thick and f or ^" long may be gotten and cut to \" length 
with the wire cutters. 
All rivetting is done upon the metal block. Place 
the rivet through from underneath and then close it down 
with the rivet set as in Illus. No. 6 A. Tap the top down 
lightly until it resembles B in Illus. No. 6. By no means 
hammer it down smooth and thin as it will then have 
no strength. 
