202 
ttXRAMIC STUDIO 
the crucible into a pan of water which is placed under- 
neath^the burner. The frit is then dried and ground. 
IV. Let me know the size of the kiln you have in 
mind, also whether you wish a muffle kiln or an open kiln 
for saggers. 
V. Do not mend the inside of a kiln with plaster; 
use the following mixture : 
40 Fireclay 
40 grog 
20 sand 
VI. Ask as many questions as you wish. 
VII. Calcining a glaze means fritting it. 
The temperature or cone varies according to the com- 
position of the frit. 
VIII. I cannot answer your question regarding the 
clay-chalk-manganese mixture this month ; will make some 
tests and advise you later. I do not see how such a form- 
ula can produce a glaze. 
IX. Many oxides act as fluxes as well as colorants. 
A glaze stained with copper will be more fusible than 
the same glaze stained with uranium, chrome or nickel, 
manganese will make no appreciable difference other than 
as a colorant. 
X. Generally speaking, it is necessary to frit alka- 
line glazes or those mixtures which will not hold in perfect 
suspension when mixed with water. 
XL It is not necessary that the glaze on a piece of 
ware be dry before it is put in the kiln, but it is impera- 
tive that the piece itself be dry. 
XII. It is not at all necessary that the clay piece 
be fired before it is glazed. 
I am sorry you have had to wait so long for this. If 
you had given your address in your letter I would have 
sent you the above information. When you have diffi- 
culty with glaze or clay mixture send me a broken piece 
of the ware. 
MOURNING BRIDE 
Treatment by Jessie M. Bard 
THE first firing, paint pods with Yellow on light side 
■very pale; shadow side Brown Green and Violet; the 
darkest spots are Blood Red and Violet; leaves are painted 
in with Moss Green, Brown Green and Shading Green. 
Stems are Blood Red and Brown Green. 
Second Firing — Touch pods up with same color on 
shadow side only and put in the accent with Blood Red and 
Violet; then paint in background with Yellow, Violet, Brown 
Green and little Apple Green around pods. 
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INDIAN BOX— CHARLES BABCOCK. 
LINE in lower border, outer space in figure in upper 
border and box and the bands, bands and space 
between figures in larger border on the lid and bands around 
the knob are in gold. All outlining Auburn Brown and a 
little Black. 
Second Fire — Background back of Indian and the plain 
bands on top of box are a thin wash of Yellow Brown 
lustre. Form around the panels, outside of boat and body 
of Indian, and the grey in lower border are equal parts 
Auburn Brown and Yellow Brown. 
Water, inside of boat and ornament on outside of it 
are Auburn Brown and a very little Black. Wave figure, 
paddle and light part in all borders, Yellow lustre. 
Head ornament and square figure in the two upper 
borders Yellow Brown and a little Yellow Red. Retouch 
gold. 
