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THE BIG GAME OF 
NORTH CHINA 
(Continued from page 53) 
group of bears, which was given the 
generic name of Selenarctos by Pere 
Heude, must be considered as character¬ 
istic of China and neighboring parts of 
Southern and Eastern Asia; the brown 
bears, or Ursus arctos group, ranging 
throughout the Amur region, Siberia, 
Central Asia—including parts of North 
China, Tibet and the Himalayas—and 
westward into Asia Minor, Palestine, 
and Northern and Central Europe; the 
sloth-bear ( Melursus ursinus) occupy¬ 
ing India; the sun-bears ( Helarctos ) 
the Malay Peninsula and Indo-China; 
the polar bear ( Thalarctos maritimus ) 
north circum-polar regions; the grizzlies 
(Speloeus , of Brookes) ranging from 
Manchuria and the Amur—possibly also 
from Western Mongolia—by way of 
Kamchatka, the Aleutian Islands, and 
Alaska into western North America; 
the American black bears ( Euarctos ) 
occupying North America; and the spec¬ 
tacled bears ( Tremarctos ) parts of 
South America. 
The grizzly bears do not, so far as is 
at present known, range into North 
China—unless Ur sus lagomyarius turns 
out to be a grizzly and not a brown bear; 
but mention may he made of a large 
black form of grizzly that occurs in 
Manchuria. This is Speloeus cavifrons 
(Heude), which is mainly interesting as 
forming a connecting link between the 
prehistoric Pyrenean cave bear (S'. 
speloeus ) of Europe and the present-day 
grizzlies of North America. The 
writer claims to be the only European 
sportsman who has shot one of these 
formidable Manchurian grizzlies, the 
skull and skin of his specimen now lying 
in the United States National Museum. 
The wolf of North China has been 
named Lupus tsehiliensis, Matsch., and 
is a large, rather solitary animal re¬ 
sembling the North American timber 
wolf, rather than the Siberian wolf, its 
nearest neighbor. It is larger than the 
latter, which may be called true lupus, 
and varies considerably in different parts 
of its range. In Mongolia it is very pale 
in winter, with a fine, thick coat of long 
fur. In China it is much more yellow¬ 
ish in tone. It is seldom seen more than 
two or three in group, frequently hunt¬ 
ing alone. Living in the hills and moun¬ 
tains, it visits and harries the plains at 
night, and in winter becomes very bold, 
even entering the villages and walled 
cities. It then attacks man without 
hesitation, and frequently carries off 
children even in broad daylight from the 
village streets. It is very common 
throughout Shansi, Shensi, Kansu, the 
Ordoo, and Mongolia. In Western 
Manchuria, where the winter is very 
severe, it is said to hand togethei in 
large packs, when it becomes as great a 
scourge and menace as its Siberian 
relative. 
An animal that still occurs m the 
wilder parts of Western Kansu and in 
Manchuria, hut which elsewhere has be¬ 
come extinct, is the Siberian wild dog 
(Cyon alpinus ). This animal is of a 
foxy-red color, and has the appearance 
of what is known as a “yaller dog," the 
mongrel type of animal to which our 
domestic breeds revert if not kept pure, 
or allowed to degenerate by inbreeding. 
Thus it appears to have been the an¬ 
cestor of most of our domestic breeds ol 
dog, though doubtless the wolf, and pos¬ 
sibly also the fox and jackal have been 
crossed with it. The red dog of the 
Deccan ( C. deccanensis ) and other 
species of the Malay Peninsula, Indo- 
China, and South and Centra! China are 
closely related to our species. The wild 
Horns of Cervus grassianus from Wes 
Shansi 
dog hunts in large packs, and is terribi 
destructive to game in the districts wher 
it occurs. In fact, it soon clears th 
whole country of game, and it is pro! 
ably this fact which is causing its o\v 
extermination, since nowhere is ther 
sufficient game to keep it going. Th 
Chinese call this animal Yeh Kou, o 
“wild dog,” and Tsai Kou, or “wolf dog 
in the North, and Hu-tou Kou, or “fox 
headed dog” in the Yang-tzu Valley. 
L EAVING the carnivores we come t 
the ungulates, or hoofed animal: 
which perhaps are more truly include 
in the term big game. 
One of the most sporting of these i 
the wild pig, of which several close} 
related species have been recognized i 
China and neighboring parts. The fori 
occurring in North China from th 
Tibetan border eastward as far as Shar 
si, and southward along the Tsing Lin 
range is known as Sus moupinensis, M 
Edw. It is a large animal with fine tusk 
and a coat varying from greyish brow 
to grizzled black. To be met with in a 
the hilly and mountainous areas, th 
animal at times becomes a formidab 
pest by reason of its numbers, raidir 
and devouring the farmers’ crops, ar 
ruining acres of cultivated -land by ii 
rootings. The wild pig does not appe* 
to range into Chihli, just why does n< 
seem clear, but it is met with on tl 
Yang-tzu and as far north as Southci 
Shantung, where it is called Sus palh 
dosus, Heude, and again Manchuria, ar 
Corea, where it is known as S. giga 
Heude, and 5. coreanus, Heude. r 
spectively. S. leucomystax, T. & S.. < 
the white-whiskered pig, with which tl 
