Doves Swift Fliers 
Throughout the southern States at 
the present time sportsmen have an 
open season for doves. Doves flock to 
baited grounds in large numbers and 
from the blinds the gunners keep de¬ 
pleting the flocks, for the swiftly flying 
doves keep going over the baited fields 
until of their numbers few remain alive. 
Doves have the habit of feeding early 
in the morning, go to water and rest 
in the middle of the day, and in the late 
afternoon feed again before winging 
their way to roost. When they are on 
their way to roosting quarters nothing 
stops them except the lead. They are 
swift, strong and determined fliers. 
When not shooting from a blind the 
gunner, who is usually clad in a cos¬ 
tume that will melt into the surround¬ 
ings, places his back to a tree or takes 
his position alongside a stream or in 
a field of grain. The dove usually flies 
in a company, sometimes two, often 
half a dozen, frequently a company of 
twenty. 
Another method of gunning for doves 
is to walk them up in the fields, which 
requires alertness, and as the birds are 
remarkably fast fliers, good marksman¬ 
ship is needed to bring the birds down. 
When the doves become terrified their 
pace is tremendous and unless one 
shoots far ahead he misses. 
HUNTING WITH A 
CAMERA 
(Continued from page 493) 
Water .500 ce. 20 oz. 
Metot . 1 grm. 20 grains 
Hydroquinone . 3 grms. 60 grains 
Sodium sulphite, anhy¬ 
drous . 15 grms. % oz. 
Potassium carbonate, an¬ 
hydrous . 15 grms. % oz. 
Potassium bromide.6.4 grms. 7 grains 
It should be noted that in this form¬ 
ula the metric and avoidupois weights 
are not equivalents, but the propor¬ 
tions are the same in each system. 
The chemicals should be dissolved in 
the order given, the reason being that 
metol does not dissolve readily in the 
presence of Sodium sulphite, and that 
if the Sodium carbonate is added be¬ 
fore the Sodium sulphite the solution 
turns dark at once. 
The most convenient way to make 
up this solution, and any other solu¬ 
tion which is made up frequently, is to 
select a bottle which holds a little 
more than the quantity of solution, 
measure out the amount of water, 
place it in the bottle, and put a mark 
(e. g. the top line of a label) at the 
point the water stands when the bot¬ 
tle is held perfectly level. Then all 
one needs to do in making up subse¬ 
quent lots of the solution is to fill the 
bottle with water up to the mark, add 
the first chemical, shake until dis¬ 
solved, add the next chemical, and 
so on. 
Monomet, elon, or rhodal may be 
used in place of metol in this developer. 
If warm water (30 degrees C.) is used 
the chemicals will dissolve more read¬ 
ily- 
For use this developing solution is 
diluted with an equal volume of water. 
It is desirable to have both the de¬ 
veloper and the water which is added 
at room temperature. It is quite feas¬ 
ible to bring the temperature of the 
mixed developer above or below room 
temperature by adding water warmer 
or cooler than room temperature, and 
this may be desirable if the temper¬ 
ature of the dark-room is above 26° C. 
or below 17° C. But it is necessary 
in this case to place the developing 
trays in a large pan of water of the 
same temperature as the developer, as 
otherwise the developer will soon cool, 
or warm up, to room temperature and 
thus render the development times in¬ 
accurate. 
After the addition of the water the 
temperature of the developer is taken 
with the centigrade thermometer, and 
the time required for development at 
this temperature looked up in the fol¬ 
lowing table: 
C A B C 
27 
26 
1 mi 
1 “ 
n. 20 see. 2 
30 “ 2 
min. 
3 min. 
10 see. 3 min. 
10 sec. 
25 
1 “ 
40 “ 
2 
20 ‘ 
3 
“ 
20 “ 
24 
1 “ 
50 “ 
2 
30 ‘ 
3 
30 “ 
23 
2 “ 
2 
40 ‘ 
3 
45 “ 
22 
2 “ 
15 ‘ 
2 
50 ‘ 
4 
“ 
21 
2 “ 
30 “ 
o 
O 
‘ 
4 
“ 
20 “ 
20 
2 “ 
45 ‘ 
3 
15 ‘ 
4 
40 “ 
19 
o ‘ i 
o 
3 
30 * 
5 
11 
‘ ‘ 
1 8 
3 “ 
15 ‘ 
o 
o 
45 ‘ 
5 
tl 
20 “ 
17 
3 “ 
30 ‘ 
4 
15 ‘ 
5 
“ 
40 “ 
16 
3 “ 
45 “ 
4 
30 * 
6 
(t 
15 
4 “ 
5 
‘ 
‘ 6 
“ 
30 “ 
The 
three 
columns 
A, 
B, 
and 
C in 
this table are given for the following- 
reasons : 
1. Column B is to be used if a neg¬ 
ative of normal contrast is desired: if 
a softer negative is needed use col¬ 
umn A, if a denser negative use col¬ 
umn C. 
2. Different plates vary in their de¬ 
velopment times. Generally speaking 
medium-speed plates require less time 
than ultra-rapid plates. A trial or 
two will show which column suits the 
plate used. 
A highly efficient Acid Fixing Solu¬ 
tion is made up as follows: 
Water .500 cc. 18 oz. 
Sodium thiosulphate 
(Hypo) .125 grms. 4% oz. 
Sodium bisulphite, an¬ 
hydrous . 15 grms. % oz. 
Chrome alum, powdered . 5 grms. 80 grains 
Warm water (40" C.) should be used 
in making up this solution, especially 
if it is to be used at once, as the neg¬ 
ative heat of solution of Sodium thio¬ 
sulphate greatly reduces the tempera¬ 
ture of the solution, and the use of a 
vpry cold fixing bath not only slows 
fixation but results in the frilling of 
the emulsion when the plate is trans¬ 
ferred from the warmer developer. 
The function of the Sodium bisulphite 
is to render the solution acid and stop 
development instantly. The purpose 
of the chrome alum is to harden the 
emulsion, and it is to be noted that 
chrome alum exercises a much greater 
hardening action than ordinary alum. 
After taking the temperature of the 
developer, and ascertaining the time 
of development, the developer is poured 
into three of the smaller trays, which 
are arranged in a row on the dark¬ 
room bench. Enough developer should 
be used to fill the trays at least half 
full (unless the trays are extra deep). 
It is false economy to use too little 
developer, as scanty developer is likely 
to result in uneven development. 100 
cc. (314 oz.) of developer in a 4x5 
tray will develop four 314x414 plates 
in succession without impairing the 
strength of the developer. 
A tray of water is placed to the 
right of the trays of developer and 
the large trays containing the acid 
fixing solution to the right of this. 
The plate-holders are laid on the bench 
to the left of the developing trays. If 
ordinary or orthochromatic plates are 
to be developed a watch is placed close 
to the ruby light, and the cover of the 
light adjusted so that the light illum¬ 
inates the watch but does not strike 
the developing trays or the area of 
the bench on which the plate-holders 
will be unloaded. If panchromatic 
plates are to be dealt with a luminous 
dial watch should be placed in a posi¬ 
tion where it can be easily read. 
Three plates are taken out of the 
holders, one placed in each of the three 
trays, and the time taken when the 
first plate is placed in the developer, 
When the required time for develop¬ 
ment has elapsed the plates are taken 
out of the developer in the same order 
as they were placed in it, rinsed in 
the tray of water, and placed in the 
hypo. By this method three plates 
are developed in the time which would 
be required for the development of a 
single plate if only one tray of de¬ 
veloper was used. It might seem that 
there is some chance of inaccuracy by 
taking the time for the three plates 
from the time of immersion of the first 
plate, but repeated trials have shown 
me that the time consumed in placing 
the plates in the developer is so nearly 
equivalent to that consumed in taking 
them out that the probable error is so 
small as to be negligible. 
The plates should be left in the fix¬ 
ing bath for twice the length of time 
it takes for the whiteness due to un¬ 
affected silver salt to disappear, then 
taken out and washed in running water 
Page 510 
